Apron garment manufacturing project. Project topic: making an apron. Goethe's color wheel
MBOU "Alovskaya secondary school"
CREATIVE PROJECT
"Apron on the belt"
Performed: 5th grade student
Pelageikina Nastya
Supervisor: Sorokina P.N.
v. Alovo, 2015
PROJECT PLAN
Study
OUTPUT: In order to accurately
present the process
design, it is necessary
make a plan - diagram
project execution.
Need
There are people on whom it depends how we will
look like we will be perceived
surrounding. Everything is very simple - after all
"They are greeted by their clothes."
And this very clothes from various
materials are sewn by a person with the profession of "tailor".
I also really like to sew and embroider.
Thanks to my teacher Polina Nikolaevna Sorokina,
I have acquired some sewing skills. Together with her on
in technology lessons, we learned to embroider with a cross,
knit crochet, studied many types of hand
decorative seams.
In the new school year, we decided to sew an apron.
The apron is a symbol
home clothes, it symbolizes cleanliness
and neatness. A new apron will also come in handy
in labor lessons.
I'm sure I can sew an apron myself!
Task
Design and manufacture an apron.
Study:
Goethe's color wheel.
Output:I explored colors
and
decided to fit white,
if I want to make a contrasting trim,
then I'll take cold shades of braid and
applications.
Design specification.
Intended | For a girl 10 years old |
Practical |
|
Completion time | |
Price | No more than 100 rubles |
To make |
Apron cut details
on the belt.
1. The lower part of the apron, 1 piece
folded
2. Pocket, 1 piece folded
3. Belt, 2 pieces
Technological sequence
making an apron
on the belt.
Prepare cut details for sweeping
Work on a patch pocket
Connect the pocket to the bottom of the apron
Process the bottom cut, side cuts
apron
Process the top cut
Work the belt
Process the upper cut of the apron with a supply
belt
Cost calculation.
WITH and = WITH 1 + WITH 2 + WITH 3
WITH 1 = material cost = 50 rubles
WITH 2 = electricity cost
1 kW / h = 5 rubles
WITH 3 = student labor costs1 hour / 5 rubles
(10h * 5 rubles = 50)
Output:apron cost = 105 rubles
Assessment of the done
work.
I have always liked to sew outfits for dolls.
And finally, I tried to sew for myself.
With the help of the knowledge gained in the lessons of labor training,
I made an apron. I fulfilled it taking into account my own
individual characteristics and requirements of all
technological process. Sewed a simple model
apron, acquired the necessary knowledge and skills. I learned
apply the knowledge gained in modeling, selection
colors, decoration of clothing. I received
great pleasure from quality work done -
machine stitches are straight, even along the entire length, all
temporary stitches, the same width of the pocket and waist
the entire length, wet heat treatment is performed.
In the future, I plan to develop and sew more
a complex apron, but not for myself, but as a gift to my mother. After all
she has been such an inspiration to me all this time. Thanks to her and mine
teacher, I got my piece
"LADIES 'HAPPINESS".
Self-assessment of the apron.
Product completed:
- Looks nice
Mom's assessment.
Raising a child means more than
point out his mistakes,
and also be sure to encourage him,
if he succeeded.
Kind words, encouraging and approving,
make the child stronger emotionally and more self-confidence.
These words do not need to be economized - only to praise
it should be right, from the heart!
Now I want to praise my daughter for the work done,
which brought new knowledge, skills, emotional
self-satisfaction. I really liked the apron sewn by Nastya.
Now she often uses it for its intended purpose.
I evaluate my daughter's work on
excellent and wish you new successes in achieving your goals!
Sequence of the project: Justify the problem and need. Justify the problem and need. Choose your model. Write a description of the model's appearance. Select the model. Write a description of the model's appearance. Choose your fabric, choose your fabric. Select the necessary tools, fixtures and equipment. Select the necessary tools, fixtures and equipment. Design and model the product. Design and model the product. Cut the product. Cut the product. Draw up a technological sequence for manufacturing a product. Make a technological sequence for manufacturing a product. Calculate the cost of the product. Calculate the cost of the product. Evaluate the work done. Evaluate the work done. Protect the project. Protect the project.
Model 4. Linen apron with one-piece bib and pockets with embossed seams. An appliqué is available as trim on the pockets and bib. The model is recommended for practical exercises in technology lessons The model is recommended for practical exercises in technology lessons
Model 5. Apron made of cotton fabric with a printed pattern, with soft folds from the upper cut, pockets-inserts made of finishing fabric. The upper cut is processed with a stitched belt, the bottom hem with a closed cut. The model is recommended for practical exercises in technology lessons
Model selection. From the models of aprons I drew, I chose model 5. This apron has spacious pockets, it will be convenient to work in it during practical lessons on technology. To make an apron of this model, a minimum amount of fabric is required. From the models of aprons I drew, I chose model 5. This apron has spacious pockets, it will be convenient to work in it during practical lessons on technology. To make an apron of this model, a minimum amount of fabric is required. The choice of fabric. For the production of the apron, I chose a cotton chintz fabric: as the main one with a printed pattern, as a finishing one dyed. For the production of the apron, I chose a cotton chintz fabric: as the main one with a printed pattern, as a finishing one, one-colored.
Parshina Alina
Creative project "Apron" Designed for 5th grade students according to V. D. Simonenko's program. Contains a brief history of the apron, a technological map, economic and environmental justification. May be useful for 5th grade students when completing a project.
Download:
Preview:
Municipal educational institution
"Bolsheelkhovskaya secondary school"
Lyambirsky municipal district of the Republic of Mordovia
Explanatory note to the creative project
Completed: student 5 "A" class
Parshina Alina
Supervisor: technology teacher
Parshina L.M.
with. B. Elkhovka
2011
Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………… .3
Chapter 1 Product design…………………………….....................................7
1.1. Justification for the choice of the project …………………………………………………… .7
1.2. Justification for the choice of materials …………………………………………… .11
1.3. Decoration ………………………… .................................... .......12
……………………………………..13
2.1. The choice of manufacturing technology ……………………………………………… ..13
2.2. Tools and devices …………………………………………… .15
2.3. Safety precautions …………………………………………………………… 15
Chapter 3 Project Business Case…………………………………..17
3.1. Cost calculation …………………………………………………………… .17
3.2. Economic assessment …………………………………………………………… .17
…………………………………………..18
Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………… .19
List of used literature …………………………………………… .. 20
Application
Introduction
The apron (or apron) is a widespread and almost unchanged piece of clothing from ancient times to the present day. Its history begins with Ancient Egypt. Already in the early period of the country's existence, men in the civil service used primitive draperies. It was attached at the front to a belt, which was a narrow strip of leather or tied (woven) reed stems.
Over time, the apron has become a ubiquitous type of clothing. It was a piece of fabric, the middle part of which, gathered in folds, was applied to the body from the front, the rest was wrapped around the body and fastened with the free end tucked behind the middle part. The apron was held by a belt. Its middle part was trapezoidal, triangular or fan-shaped.
This piece of clothing played a very important role in the ceremonial attire of the rulers, as evidenced by numerous monuments.
The apron was also part of the clothing of other ancient Eastern peoples. For example, it was widespread in Western Asia.
From the East, the apron "migrated" to Europe. In Crete and in Mycenae in the Bronze Age (XIX-XVIII centuries BC), men wore a wide leather belt with which an apron was fastened around the thighs. It was worn in such a way that it fell in front at an angle, and its vertical edge went obliquely from the thigh to the knee of the other leg. The apron fabric was embellished with a woven color pattern.
And it is also known that in Ancient Greece, men at first also wore an apron tied around the hips, and over it they wore a henna (a large woolen scarf). Later they began to tie the apron over the tunic.
The apron was also a characteristic feature of men's clothing among the Etruscans. It looked like a Cretan one, but it was worn over a blouse with sleeves. And among the Romans, the apron is known only as part of the clothing of priests, soldiers of some auxiliary types of troops and gladiators.
Since the Middle Ages, the apron has become an almost constant accessory to workwear. A casual dress during work should be covered with something. The apron was worn by blacksmiths, shoemakers, cooks ... Guild masters considered the apron to be an integral part of their professional clothing.
The women's apron eventually became an accessory for the toilet of a married woman. In the XVI century. two aprons made up a skirt. He also adorned the wives of eminent townspeople. In Germany, burghers' wives wore aprons (white or colored), sometimes even double aprons (front and back).
The apron periodically comes into fashion among the upper strata of the population. French women during the reign of Louis XIV (1660-1710) tied a small apron with richly trimmed edges at home and during walks. Sometimes, however, wishing to pay tribute to fashion, women did not think at all about how comical it looks. Following the example of the urban nobility, peasant girls began to embroider and decorate their aprons in every possible way. A cunning European fashion has invented several types of aprons for different occasions. So, for example, a self-respecting European woman, when she went out to the table, was obliged to cover her dress with a large napkin. This is how a special apron appeared - a table (from the French word "table"). Another type of apron with a similar name is tablion, but completely different in purpose. This is an apron for special occasions, sewn to the front and back of the raincoat. It was borrowed from ceremonial Byzantine clothing and for the emperor it was made of silk brocade with a pattern, and for the courtiers from a smooth, monochrome fabric, but then it got used to the new role of a fashion accessory.
Over time, the apron became part of the festive folk costume. In some regions of Germany, a wide apron was worn only on special occasions. In Moldavia, a distinctive feature of folk clothing was two aprons, covering the body in front and behind, not converging on the sides, with a rich color pattern.
The traditional Russian apron was made from homespun checkered fabric, trimmed around the edges and red strings. In the North, the apron was embroidered and could have sleeves.
An interesting apron of the late 19th century. from the town of Kargopol, Olonets province. The intricate patterns embroidered on it are nothing more than ancient agricultural calendars. Six petals and six sprouts of a circle represent 12 months, and the conventional symbols on the outside are the most important milestones in the annual circle of field work. Similar mesyaslovs were also embroidered on the hem of shirts and towels. One can understand how they treasured these things, carefully passing them on from generation to generation by inheritance. It is characteristic that in some regions of Russia (for example, in Transbaikalia) the traditional apron was preserved as part of the festive attire until the middle of the last century.
During World War I, the apron proved to be an essential piece of clothing. Many women had to do men's work: they became road workers, mechanics, etc. At this time, the "maid clothes" apron turns into working women's clothing. Perhaps, it was from this time that it ceased to exist as a purely decorative element and became an accessory for household clothing for working at home, as well as industrial clothing.
However, these days the apron is beginning to gradually lose this function. To protect against harmful production factors, new special clothing is being developed - these are robes and overalls. The apron also disappears from the wardrobe of the housewives.
Having studied the history of the apron, I decided to try my hand at creating my own creative project "Apron".
I set a goal for myself: to make an apron for homework.
Formulated the tasks:
- Design a cotton apron;
- On the basis of the studied technologies, develop an uncomplicated apron manufacturing process;
- To make the product on time.
Chapter 1 Product design
1.1 Justification for the choice of the project
I started by analyzing existing models. The apron consists of several parts: a bib, belt, shoulder straps, bottom and pockets, but it can be without a bib. My apron will be with a bib.
First I took my measurements.
Sequence of work and designation of measurements | Name of measurements | How to take measurements | Appointment of measurements | My measurements, cm |
C t | Half waist | Measured at the narrowest point of the torso | To calculate the length of the belt | 38 cm |
C b | Half hip | Measured along the hips horizontally | To calculate the width of the apron | 46 cm |
D and | Length of the product | Measured from the waistline to the desired length | To determine the length of the apron | 49 cm |
B n | Bib height | Measured from the waistline up to the desired height | To determine the height of the apron | 17 cm |
Then I completed the drawing, according to the developed technological map.
Section name | Payment | Building |
Waistline | At point T, build a right angle |
|
Bottom line | D u = 49 cm | From point T downward postpone the value of the measurement D and and put a point H |
Apron width | C b: 2 + 6 = 29 cm | From points T and H, postpone the resulting value to the left. Put T points 1 and H 1 |
Pocket location | Constant | 1. From point H downward, set aside 6 cm and put point K. 2. Draw a horizontal line from point K downwards. 3.from point K to the left, set aside 7 cm and put point K 1 4.from point K 1 set aside 15 cm down and to the left and put points K 2 and K 3. 5.Connect the K dots 1 and K 2 straight. 6.from point K 2 to the left and from point K 3 put down 15 cm and put K 4 Construct square K 1K 2K 4K 3 |
Bib height | Constant | Extend the straight line through point T and set aside 15 cm on it. put a point G. |
Bib width | Width = 7cm | 1. From point G, draw a straight line and postpone 7 cm on it; put point G 1 2.From point T, set aside 7cm to the left and put point T 2. 3.Connect G points 1 and D 2 in a straight line. |
belt width | 6 cm | From point P up, postpone 6 cm.Put point P 1 |
Belt length | S t x 2 + 20 = 96 cm | Set aside 80 cm from point P1 to the right.Construct a rectangle P P 1 P 2 P 3 |
Strap width | 7 cm | Set aside 7 cm from point B upward.Put point B 1 |
Strap length | 50 cm | Set aside 50 cm from point B 1 to the right.Construct a rectangle B B 1 B 2 B 3 |
Built a drawing in M 1: 4
Carried out the modeling according to the selected sketch.
The pattern of the apron part is obtained on the basis of the basic drawing by modeling.
From point T 1 put down 10 cm.
Through points B, B 1, T, T 1, T 2, T 3 built a new line of the upper, side cuts of the apron.
Using the pattern of half of the apron part, I built the main part of the product on paper in full size.
1.2 Justification for the choice of materials
For the apron, I chose a cotton fabric - chintz. This fabric has a beautiful appearance at a low cost. Good hygienic properties of this fabric (high hygroscopicity, medium dust holding capacity) provide a person with comfort in such clothes. In addition, chintz is strong enough and does not require any special conditions during washing. And the good technological properties of cotton fabrics (medium crumbling, low slip, medium shrinkage) allow even a novice seamstress to sew neat and beautiful things.
The disadvantages of this fabric include strong crease, low abrasion resistance, which leads to the fact that the fabrics lose their beautiful appearance when worn.
Fabric consumption: If the fabric is 80 cm wide, you will need 60 cm of printed cotton fabric.
As a decoration, I chose a red bias inlay. She processed the apron cuts and the pocket.
Chapter 2. Manufacturing technology of the product
2.1. The choice of manufacturing technology
Made the opening of the apron.
Before opening the parts, I first checked to see if the fabric was shedding.
Then I designed the fabric, determined the shared thread and the presence of weaving defects.
The layout of the apron parts on the main fabric was carried out according to the following scheme:
Technological sequence of sewing an apron with a one-piece bib.
- Preparation of cut parts for processing.
- Connecting all parts of the apron to the main part.
- Processing of an apron with an oblique inlay.
- Processing the bib with an oblique binding and making strings.
P / p No. | Operation name | Execution technology | Seam designation |
Processing the upper cut of the pocket | Fold the seam allowance to the wrong side, sweep and hem the seam with a closed cut | ||
Connecting the pocket to the main part | Basting the pocket to the main part and stitching it over the main part along the seams on the pocket. | ||
Processing of an oblique inlay of the side and bottom cuts of the lower part of the apron | a) Put on the wrong side of the lower part of the apron the front side of the trimming, baste. Overstitch 1 cm seam sections, cut off the ends of the threads b) Cut off the fabric in the corners, turn out the facing to the front side, sweep the seam. Bend the raw cut of the facing to the wrong side by the amount of the seam allowance, pre-cut the fabric, sweep. Stitch the piping to the main part. Cut off the ends of the threads. | ||
Wet heat treatment of the seam | Iron the piping, after slightly moistening it | ||
Processing of cuts of the bib with simultaneous attaching of the strap and the formation of ties | Process the side and upper cuts of the bib with an edging seam, at the same time forming strings. Fasten the stitch. Cut off the ends of the threads. | ||
Wet - heat treatment of the product | After slightly moistening, iron the finished product. |
- Tools and fixtures
For the manufacture of my product, I need equipment, with the help of which I have achieved the result, i.e. I sewed an apron and a kerchief this:
1. Sewing machine
2. Ironing board, iron with steam humidifier, iron.
3. Cotton threads No. 45 for machine work, No. 50-60 - for estimate work.
4. Manual needle for sweeping work No. 3, machine needle No. 70.
5. Measuring tape.
6. Cutter's ruler.
7. Paper for patterns.
8. Scissors.
2.3 Safety precautions
Safety instructions when working with the iron:
- Before connecting the iron to the power supply, check the insulation of the cord and the position of the iron on the stand.
- Turn the iron on and off by gripping the plug body with your fingers, and not by the cord.
- When working with the iron, you must have a rubber mat under your feet.
- At the end of the work, the power supply of the ironing tables must be turned off.
It is prohibited:
- Allow the iron to fall, switch the wire with the formation of loops and knots, iron overheating.
- Cool an overheated iron by immersion in water or with a spray bottle.
- Put the iron on the power cord.
- Work with a faulty iron and fix irons and wiring faults on your own. Consumption
Total
Textile
35 RUB
35 RUB
Threads
RUB 5
Oblique binding
RUB 3
RUB 15
Total
RUB 55
3.2 Economic Assessment
Since I sewed an apron in a school workshop, I did not take into account electricity costs, did not pay rent for the premises, and did not pay myself a salary. So, the full calculation of the cost of the product was 55 rubles. It follows that sewing an apron cost me less than a similar one in a store.
Chapter 4 Environmental Assessment of the Project
In our time, one of the urgent problems is the problem of ecology. A person must use environmentally friendly products and materials for the safety of his life. Such materials should also be used to create clothing. There are many different materials now
The apron is made of natural fabric - the raw material for production, which is cotton fibers, that is, the material is eternal due to its constant renewal.
Making an apron on a sewing machine is an environmentally friendly production, because:
- The atmosphere is not polluted.
- No emissions of harmful substances for human health.
- Virtually waste-free production.
Cotton during operation does not have a harmful effect on the human body and the environment. Therefore, the manufacture and further use of the apron does not entail changes and disruptions in human life.
Conclusion
I have done a great job, showing creativity, skill, diligence and skill, even if not yet the most perfect. My apron will delight the eye of every hostess, and the male half will be pleased to see me in an attractive apron. Beauty and utility, beauty and expediency are intertwined in this way in my work.
List of used literature
- Technology. Serving labor: Grade 5: a textbook for students of educational institutions / [Yu.V. Krupskaya, N. I. Lebedeva, L. V. Litikova and others]; ed. A.D. Simonenko. - 4th ed., Revised, - M .: Ventana-Graf, 2009 .-- 192 p .: ill.
Internet resources: yandex. ru
- Vikipedia.org.
- http://tehnologia.ru
MOU "Akbulak secondary school No. 1"
PROJECT
MANUFACTURE OF SEWING PRODUCT "APRON"
Performed:
Zhuravleva Tatiana
student of grade 5 "A",
Akbulak secondary school number 1
Supervisor:
Zhuravleva
Marina Anatolyevna,
technology teacher,
Akbulak secondary school No. 1
Akbulak
Introduction …………………………………………………… ... ………. ………… .3
Main part …………………………………………………… .... ………… .... 4
1 Research of the problem ………………………………………………….… .4
2 Bank of ideas and suggestions ………………………………………… .... …… 6
3 Technological part ………………………………………………….… 8
a) Drawing ………………………………………………………………… ...… 8
b) Technological map …………………………………………… ..… ... ... 9
4 Economic and Environmental Assessment ……. …………………………… .15
Conclusion ...... ……………………………………………………………… .16
Literature .. ………………………………………………………………… ..17
Introduction
Each house has a room in which the whole family gathers every day - this is the kitchen. For a long time, people are in the kitchen when they are preparing food. When they prepare food, they can stain clothes. In order for the clothes to remain clean, an apron is needed. Therefore, it is in every home. Mom and grandmother have an apron, but I don’t have it yet, and therefore, I decided to sew it myself. I want to sew an apron correctly and neatly, and in the future I want to learn how to sew other clothes.
In the process of performing project work, I set myself the following tasks:
Learn what an apron is;
Find out when the first aprons appeared, what they were before;
Research fabrics for sewing an apron;
Describe the process of making an apron;
Sew a neat apron.
Main part
1 Researching the problem
An apron is a widespread and almost unchanging piece of clothing from ancient times to the present day.
Its history begins with Ancient Egypt. Already in the early period of the country's existence, men in the civil service used a primitive drapery attached to the front to a belt, which was a narrow strip of leather or tied (woven) cane stalks.
Over time, the apron has become a ubiquitous type of clothing. It was a piece of fabric, the middle part of which, gathered in folds, was applied to the front of the body, the rest was wrapped around the body and fastened with the free end tucked behind the middle part. The apron was held by a belt. Its middle part was trapezoidal, triangular or fan-shaped.
Since the Middle Ages, the apron has become an almost permanent accessory to workwear. The apron was worn by blacksmiths, shoemakers, cooks ... Guild craftsmen considered the apron to be an integral part of their professional clothing.
The women's apron eventually became an accessory for the toilet of a married woman. In the 16th century, two aprons made up a skirt. In the 17th century, the apron certainly adorned the wives of eminent townspeople. In Germany, burghers' wives wore aprons (white or colored), sometimes even double aprons (front and back).
The apron periodically became fashionable among the upper strata of the population.
French women at home and on a walk during the reign of Louis XIV () tied a small apron with rich trim on the edge.
It turns out that in the 18th century in Russia, an apron was called an apron or a curtain, and it was worn only by women. The traditional Russian apron was made from homespun checkered fabric, trimmed around the edges and red strings.
in his explanatory dictionary of the Russian language gives the following definition of an apron: "An apron - an apron, a zapon."
Nowadays, both women and men wear aprons. The apron may have been the first piece of clothing worn specifically for work. It is used by people of various professions, not only in order not to get dirty; it carried tools, fruits of the harvest and other necessary things.
During the First World War, the apron proved to be an essential piece of clothing. Many women had to do men's work: they became road workers, mechanics, etc. Thus, the apron turns from “maid's clothes” into work clothes.
Perhaps, it was from this time that it ceased to exist as a purely decorative element and became an accessory for household clothing for working at home, also being industrial clothing.
Aprons can be sewn from various fabrics: linen, silk, cotton.
Linen fabrics have a smooth, shiny surface, are highly durable and have low elongation. They easily absorb moisture, wash well. Their disadvantage is that they wrinkle quickly, but just as quickly and smooth out. These fabrics are tough to the touch.
Silk fabrics they are soft and smooth to the touch, have a pleasant shine, are hygroscopic and breathable, but they stretch strongly, crumble, and have significant shrinkage. It is very difficult to sew from such fabrics without skills and experience.
According to historians and archaeologists, fabrics from cotton were produced in distant India as early as the XI century BC.
During the campaign of Alexander the Great, the Greeks were delighted with the art of the Hindus, who know how to obtain fabrics from "wool obtained from nuts."
(as they called cotton). Until the end of the 13th century, only finished cotton products were imported into Europe. In 1772, the production of cotton fabric began in England. It was distinguished by its peculiar texture and color.
Name " chintz"Came to us in such a way that it is difficult even to immediately understand its original source. The Bengali name for the motley cotton fabric "cheats" was altered by the Dutch to "sitz", and we now call it chintz.
Cotton fabrics have significant strength and hygroscopicity, quickly get wet and dry. They are comfortable to wear, wash and iron well.
2 Bank of ideas and suggestions
Model No. 1. Linen apron, plain fabric. Consists of a main part with patch pockets sewn onto it.
Akbulak secondary school No. 1,
Tel. service 224-61
I Preparatory stage ________________________________ 3
Selection and justification of the project
Model requirements
Selection of tools and materials
Identifying traditions, history and trends
II Technological stage __________________________________________ 5
Design and modeling
Manufacturing technology
III Final stage _________________________________ 9
Economic calculation
Environmental justification
Output
Resources used _____________________________________ 10
I preparatory stage
Selection and justification of the project:
In technology lessons, we studied the topic: "The technology of making an apron." There was a problem how to make an apron for culinary work. I decided to design and manufacture not only an apron, but an oven mitt.
The goal of my project: to make an apron and an oven mitt for culinary work.
Tasks:
1). Design an apron model.
2). Choose materials that match in texture and color.
3). From the remnants of the fabric after sewing the apron, make an oven mitt in the same style as the apron.
4). Choose ways of connecting parts.
5). Assess the work done.
Model requirements:
Choice of tools and materials:
MATERIALS:
drawing and modeling paper, fabric, threads.
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT:
ruler, tape measure, scissors, needle, seam ripper, sewing machine, iron, ironing board.
Revealing traditions, history and trends:
The apron (or apron) is a widespread and almost unchanged piece of clothing from ancient times to the present day. Its history begins with Ancient Egypt. Already in the early period of the country's existence, men in the civil service used primitive draperies. It was attached at the front to a belt, which was a narrow strip of leather or tied (woven) reed stems.
Over time, the apron has become a ubiquitous type of clothing. It was a piece of fabric, the middle part of which, gathered in folds, was applied to the body from the front, the rest was wrapped around the body and fastened with the free end tucked behind the middle part. The apron was held by a belt. Its middle part was trapezoidal, triangular or fan-shaped.
This piece of clothing played a very important role in the ceremonial attire of the rulers, as evidenced by numerous monuments.
The apron was also part of the clothing of other ancient Eastern peoples. For example, it was widespread in Western Asia.
From the East, the apron "migrated" to Europe. In Crete and in Mycenae in the Bronze Age (XIX-XVIII centuries BC), men wore a wide leather belt with which an apron was fastened around the thighs. It was worn in such a way that it fell in front at an angle, and its vertical edge went obliquely from the thigh to the knee of the other leg. The apron fabric was embellished with a woven color pattern.
And it is also known that in Ancient Greece, men at first also wore an apron tied around the hips, and over it they wore a henna (a large woolen scarf). Later they began to tie the apron over the tunic.
The apron was also a characteristic feature of men's clothing among the Etruscans. It looked like a Cretan one, but it was worn over a blouse with sleeves. And among the Romans, the apron is known only as part of the clothing of priests, soldiers of some auxiliary types of troops and gladiators.
Since the Middle Ages, the apron has practically become an almost constant accessory to work clothes. A casual dress during work should be covered with something. The apron was worn by blacksmiths, shoemakers, cooks ... Guild masters considered the apron to be an integral part of their professional clothing.
The women's apron eventually became an accessory for the toilet of a married woman. In the XVI century. two aprons made up a skirt. He also adorned the wives of eminent townspeople. In Germany, burghers' wives wore aprons (white or colored), sometimes even double aprons (front and back).
The apron periodically comes into fashion among the upper strata of the population. French women during the reign of Louis XIV (1660-1710) tied a small apron with richly trimmed edges at home and during walks. Sometimes, however, wishing to pay tribute to fashion, women did not think at all about how comical it looks. Following the example of the urban nobility, peasant girls began to embroider and decorate their aprons in every possible way. A cunning European fashion has invented several types of aprons for different occasions. So, for example, a self-respecting European woman, when she went out to the table, was obliged to cover her dress with a large napkin. This is how a special apron appeared - a table (from the French word "table"). Another type of apron with a similar name is tablion, but completely different in purpose. This is an apron for special occasions, sewn to the front and back of the raincoat. It was borrowed from ceremonial Byzantine clothing and for the emperor it was made of silk brocade with a pattern, and for the courtiers from a smooth, monochrome fabric, but then it got used to the new role of a fashion accessory.
Over time, the apron became part of the festive folk costume. In some regions of Germany, a wide apron was worn only on special occasions. In Moldavia, a distinctive feature of folk clothing was two aprons, covering the body in front and behind, not converging on the sides, with a rich color pattern.
The traditional Russian apron was made from homespun checkered fabric, trimmed around the edges and red strings. In the North, the apron was embroidered and could have sleeves.
An interesting apron of the late 19th century. from the town of Kargopol, Olonets province. The intricate patterns embroidered on it are nothing more than ancient agricultural calendars. Six petals and six sprouts of a circle represent 12 months, and the conventional symbols on the outside are the most important milestones in the annual circle of field work. Similar mesyaslovs were also embroidered on the hem of shirts and towels. One can understand how they treasured these things, carefully passing them on from generation to generation by inheritance. It is characteristic that in some regions of Russia (for example, in Transbaikalia) the traditional apron was preserved as part of the festive attire until the middle of the last century.
During World War I, the apron proved to be an essential piece of clothing. Many women had to do men's work: they became road workers, mechanics, etc. At this time, the "maid clothes" apron turns into working women's clothing. Perhaps, it was from this time that it ceased to exist as a purely decorative element and became an accessory for household clothing for working at home, as well as industrial clothing.
However, these days the apron is beginning to gradually lose this function. To protect against harmful production factors, new special clothing is being developed - these are robes and overalls. The apron also disappears from the wardrobe of the housewives.
II Technological stage
Model sketches:
I chose model # 1, as it seemed to me more elegant and interesting. Now I will try to find the right fabric.
Design and modeling:
- Taking measurements:
St = 28 cm.
Sat = 35 cm.
Day = 16 cm.
DNch = 42 cm.
- Modeling:
cut and spread |
cut and spread |
cut off |
Fabric samples:
Manufacturing technology:
1). Cut out the details.
2). Processing of individual parts.
Closed hem hemming of the ruffle hem,
Smocking ruffles,
Processing straps and ends of the belt with a welt seam,
Open hem seam on patch pockets.
3). Connection of parts.
The connection of the frill to the bottom of the apron with a stitching seam is ironed,
Processing the side cuts of the lower part of the apron with a wedge seam with a closed cut.
Connection of pockets to the bottom of the apron with a patch seam,
The connection of the straps with the bib,
The connection of the bib with the lower part of the apron and with the belt.
4). Final processing.
threads
RUB 40 (1 coil)
RUB 40
needle
0 RUB
Was at home
electricity
60 W x 10h x 0.04 rubles
RUB 24.00
RUB 24.00
Work
RUB 100
Total:
444 r
Comparing the manufactured products with samples from the store, we can conclude that my product is more expensive in value. But no one else has such an apron.
Environmental justification:
- Practically waste-free production, no emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, soil, water bodies.
- Rational use of natural resources.
- When working, there is no odor harmful to the human body.
- During operation, it is not harmful to human skin.
Atelier "SEVIL". Our natural cotton aprons and potholders are available in a variety of colors. Your clothes will always be clean and you will look like a real chef.
Orders are accepted at the address: st. Friendship of peoples 10/1 room 101.
Output:
I am satisfied with my work, as I achieved the desired goal.
The apron and the potholder that I made turned out to be beautiful and comfortable. In addition, they turned out to be very economical. It was not easy to make such products, but I did it, which means I acquired sewing skills and will continue to improve them.
Resources used:
1. Technology, Textbook for students of 5th grade of secondary school (option for girls) / Edited by Sasova, M .: Ventana-Graf, 2015.
2. Technology, Textbook for 5th grade students of secondary schools (option for girls) / Edited by V.D. Symonenko, M .: Ventana-Graf, 2010.
4. http://tehnologia.59442s003.edusite.ru/p61aa1.html