home Investment Negroid race presentation. Negroid race The Negroid race is one of the big ones. of which is divided

Negroid race presentation. Negroid race The Negroid race is one of the big ones. of which is divided

Src="https://present5.com/presentation/1/17410119_148568308.pdf-img/17410119_148568308.pdf-1.jpg" alt=">NEGROID RACE The Negroid race is one of the large races of people. The term " Negroid race" often"> НЕГРОИДНАЯ РАСА Негроидная раса - одна из больших рас людей. Термин «негроидная раса» часто используется для обозначения всех людей с чёрным или коричневым цветом кожи. Некоторые исследователи относят негроидную расу к экваториальной (негро- австралоидной) расе. Ряд авторов называет представителей негроидной расы конгоидами для того, чтобы отличить от представителей других темнопигментированных африканских рас: капоидов, пигмеев и эфиопов.!}

Src="https://present5.com/presentation/1/17410119_148568308.pdf-img/17410119_148568308.pdf-2.jpg" alt="> Pygmies are a group of short Negroid peoples living in the equatorial forests of Africa.">!}

Src="https://present5.com/presentation/1/17410119_148568308.pdf-img/17410119_148568308.pdf-3.jpg" alt=">HOUSE OF PYGMIES FROM LEAVES AND STICKS">!}

Src="https://present5.com/presentation/1/17410119_148568308.pdf-img/17410119_148568308.pdf-6.jpg" alt=">CAPOID RACE - BUSHMAN RACE Bushmen - a collective name applied to several"> КАПОИДНАЯ РАСА - БУШМЕНСКАЯ РАСА Бушмены - собирательное название, применяемое к нескольким коренным южноафриканским народам охотников-собирателей, говорящих на койсанских языках и относимых к капоидной расе. Общая численность - около 100 тысяч человек. По новейшим данным, обладают наиболее древним этнотипом, носителями древнейшей гаплогруппы А.!}

Src="https://present5.com/presentation/1/17410119_148568308.pdf-img/17410119_148568308.pdf-9.jpg" alt="> MASAI The Masai are a semi-nomadic African indigenous people living in"> МАСАИ Масаи - полукочевой африканский коренной народ, живущий в саванне на юге Кении и на севере Танзании. Масаи являются, пожалуй, одним из самых известных племён Восточной Африки.!}

Src="https://present5.com/presentation/1/17410119_148568308.pdf-img/17410119_148568308.pdf-12.jpg" alt="> ZULUS The Zulus are an African people of about 10 million people living"> ЗУЛУСЫ Зулусы- африканский народ численностью около 10 млн человек, обитающий в основном в провинции Квазулу- Натал в Южно-Африканской Республике. Небольшие группы зулусов проживают также в Зимбабве, Замбии и Мозамбике.!}

To use presentation previews, create a Google account and log in to it: https://accounts.google.com

Slide captions:

Human races The work was carried out by Isaeva N.V. Biology teacher MBOU Secondary School No. 10

RACE - from the Italian Razza - genus, breed, tribe. Modern humanity is represented by a single biological species, Homo sapiens. The species consists of 3 large races, each of which is divided into several small ones. Human races have evolved over hundreds of thousands of years under the influence of geographic, climatic and social factors.

Species Homo sapiens Caucasoid (Eurasian) Mongoloid (Asian-American) Australasian (equatorial)

Caucasian race Characterized by: fair skin, soft straight or wavy hair, horizontal eyes, moderately or strongly developed hair on the face and chest in men, a noticeably protruding nose, a straight or slightly sloping forehead

Caucasoid race Northern forms Atlanto-Baltic White Sea-Baltic Transitional (intermediate) forms Alpine Central European Eastern European Brunn Alpine Dal-Falian

Caucasoid race Southern forms Mediterranean Indo-Afghan Balkan-Caucasian Western Asian (Armenoid) Pamir-Fergana Bishka North Indian Armenoid

Mongoloid race skin color from dark to light hair dark, often hard and straight protrusion of the nose small palpebral fissure has an oblique cut the fold of the upper eyelid is significantly developed, there is a fold covering the inner corner of the eye (epicanthus) with labial hairline

Mongoloid race Asian branch of Mongoloid races Continental Mongoloids Arctic race Pacific Mongoloids American races

Equatorial race (Australoid and Negroid) Characterized by: dark pigmentation of the skin, hair and eyes, curly or wide-wavy hair, wide nose, slightly protruding lower part of the face.

Australoid (oceanic) races Veddoids Australians Ainu Papuans and Melanesians Negritos Papuans Australians

Negroid (African) races Negroes Negrillies (pygmies) Bushmen and Hottentots Negroes Pygmies

Species unity of humanity - mixed races Europeans Indians e quatorial peoples mongoloid peoples mestizos mulattoes malagasy Europeans Indians e quatorial peoples e quatorial peoples Sambo

The human race is a historically established group of people, characterized by a common origin, territory of residence, common morphological and physiological hereditary characteristics, traditions and customs.

TEST “RACES OF HUMAN” 1. How many races of humans are currently identified? One Two Three Four 2. Yellow-skinned people belong to the race Negroid Mongoloid Caucasoid Australoid 3. Which race is characterized by slanting and narrow eyes? Negroid Mongoloid Caucasoid Australoid

4. Do hereditary characteristics change over time? Yes No 5. Are there advantages of some races over others? Yes, there are advantages No advantages 6. Are the concepts of “race” and “nation” the same thing? Yes No 7. Can representatives of different races be members of a single state? Yes No 8. What are the views about the advantages of some races over others called? Racism Social Darwinism

Negroid raceNegroid race
- one of the main races of people.
In the XIX-XX centuries. in many classifications Negroids
united with the Australo-Veddoids into a hypothetical
"equatorial race". Modern research has shown
that the genetic differences between these two races are higher,
than between any of them and any other race, and some
external similarity (dark skin color and dark curly hair
hair) is explained by adaptation to similar living conditions

Characteristic signs

Characteristic: different heights, elongated limbs (especially arms and
shin), dark skin (especially rich in melanin), curly hair,
the beard and mustache grow well (the hair on the body is weak),
wide flat nose, thick lips, large dark
eyes, prognathism (involves protruding jaws, except
In addition, the lower jaw lacks a chin protrusion. These traits create
acute facial angle)

Origin

The most ancient skull with some “Negroid” features (in
particularly prognathism) Nazlet Khater is 35-40 thousand years old and
was found in southern Egypt

Negro minor race

The main, most common variant of the large Negroid race.
The Negro minor race is widespread throughout most of the
territories of sub-Saharan Africa. Characteristics: very dark
skin, hair very curly, nose very wide, with a flattened
bridge of the nose, very large interorbital space, lips very
thick, dolichocephaly, low face, strongly prognathous.

Central African (Negrillian, Pygmy) small race

Negrillian (or Pygmy, or Central African) race -
variant of the large Negroid race. Distributed in equatorial
rain forests of Central Africa. Characteristics: very
short stature, strong growth of beard, mustache and body hair, extremely wide
and a short nose with a flat bridge and often a convex bridge,
relatively thin lips.

Capoid (Khoisan (Khoisanoid), Bushman) small race

Kapo Ida (Bushmen, Khoisan race), also South African or
Bushman race - a variant of the large Negroid race, widespread
in the dry regions of South Africa. Characteristics: low
height, rather flat face, small lower jaw, due to which
the face takes on a triangular shape, the nose is quite narrow, the bridge of the nose
very flat, epicanthus developed, relatively light yellowish-brown
skin, short spiral-curled hair, which can be longer,
than neighboring black groups, steatopygia in women, very short stature
beards and mustaches. Many features resemble Mongoloid ones.
Joke from Egor

Spreading

The main region of settlement is sub-Saharan Africa. Also to
At the beginning of the 21st century, the Negroid population includes part of the population
Latin America, West Indies, USA.
In Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Sudan, Mauritania, in the north
Mali, Niger, Chad, southern Egypt, Libya, Algeria and Morocco live
peoples of the intermediate Caucasian-Negroid Ethiopian race, as well as
Moors, Berbers, Arabs and Tuaregs mixed with Negroids.
On the territory of modern Russia until the 20th century, representatives
There was almost no Negroid race; the Negroid group of Abkhazians is known. By
According to the Metis Foundation, since the 60s, 70,000 people have come to the Soviet Union
blacks.

Human races .

Free Powerpoint Templates

Race -

a historically established group of people with certain common hereditarily determined morphological and physiological characteristics.

from Italian Razza - clan, breed, tribe

Modern humanity is represented by a single polymorphic biological species

Homo sapiens .

It consists of 3

major races, each

of which is divided

for several small ones.

dark skin color
curly, spiral SWIRLED hair
Wide, flat and slightly protruding nose
thick lips
LONG BODY PROPORTIONS AND SMALL WEIGHT
beard and mustache grow weakly

Negroid (Australian-Negroid) race

indigenous population of central and southern Africa, Australia.

dark yellow skin
straight black coarse hair
wide, flat face with prominent cheekbones and prominent lips
narrow palpebral fissure
strong development of the upper eyelid fold ( epicanthus )
The body is almost not covered with hair

Mongoloid (Asian-American) race

Indigenous population of the American continent, Central and East Asia, Indonesia and Siberia.

Caucasian (Eurasian) race

cover in men

Caucasian (Eurasian) race

Indigenous populations of Europe, Western Asia, North Africa and North India

Mixed Races

mulatto

mestizo

sambo

malagasy

Rasogenesis -

the process of emergence and formation of human races.

Causes of raceogenesis

- natural selection (differences in the environment, climate, food resources, amount of sunlight, ....)
- mutations
- insulation
- mixing of populations

Racism -

a theory that attributes superiority or inferiority to particular racial or ethnic groups, justifying the right of some people to dominate or reject others.

For example,

apartheid - oppression of blacks, Zionism - oppression of the Arabs.

Conclusions:

1. There is one species on earth - Homo sapiens:

- similarity in body structure( structure of the skull, brain, internal organs);

- physiological similarity (blood groups, diseases, defense reactions);

- the opportunity for unlimited crossing, which results in fertile offspring.

2. All racial differences were formed as adaptations to the environment.

3. In terms of their mental characteristics, all races are the same. Really existing differences in the level of culture are associated not with the biological characteristics of people of different races, but with the social conditions of the development of society.

Think about it!

1. How many major races exist today?

a) two
b) three
at four
d) five

Think about it!

2. What morphological feature does not characterize the Mongoloid race?

a) flattened face shape
b) narrow palpebral fissures
c) noticeable cheekbones
d) straight or wavy soft hair

Think about it!

3. Why do representatives of the Negroid race have low weight and elongated body proportions?

a) for thermoregulation in hot climates
b) for protection from predatory animals
c) for protection from burning rays
d) for the convenience of getting fruits from tall trees

Think about it!

4. Where is the supposed homeland of the species Homo sapiens?

a) off the eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea
b) in South Asia
c) in the center of Europe
d) in North-East Africa and off the eastern shores of the Mediterranean Sea

Think about it!

5. Which human race does not exist?

a) negroid
b) Caucasian
c) Americanoid
d) Mongoloid

Right answers

Homework

Repeat § 44 – 47
Prepare for independent work on the topic “Anthropogenesis”

Slide 2

The Negroid race is one of the large races of people. The term "Negroid" is often used to refer to all people with black or brown skin color. Some researchers attribute the Negroid race to the equatorial (Negro-Australoid) race. A number of authors call representatives of the Negroid race Congoids in order to distinguish them from representatives of other darkly pigmented African races: capoids, pygmies and Ethiopians. In the XIX-XX centuries. in many classifications, Negroids were combined with Australoids into the “equatorial race.” Modern research has shown that the genetic differences between these two races are greater than between either of them and any other race, and some external similarities (dark skin color and curly hair color) are explained by adaptation to similar living conditions.

Slide 3

Characteristic signs

Various heights, elongated limbs (especially arms), dark skin (especially rich in melanin), curly hair, poor beard and mustache growth, wide flat nose, thick lips, large brown eyes, large ears, prognathism (involves protruding jaws, in addition , the lower jaw lacks a mental protuberance. These features create an acute facial angle).

Slide 4

Origin

The most ancient Negroid skull, Nazlet Khater, is 35-40 thousand years old and was found in southern Egypt. The owner of this skull had a low, sloping forehead, but he had pronounced prognathism.

Slide 5

Spreading

The main region of settlement is the area of historical formation of the race: Africa, south of the Sahara. Also, at the beginning of the 21st century, the Negroid population includes a significant part of the population of Brazil, the West Indies, the USA and France. In Russia, until the 20th century, there were practically no representatives of the Negroid race, however, according to the Metis Foundation, during the years of Soviet Union assistance to developing countries, about 70 thousand blacks remained in the USSR. According to estimates by the Institute of African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, about 40 thousand children were born from mixed marriages with blacks in the USSR and Russia over the last few decades of the 20th century.

Slide 6

War in the USA

One of the main causes of the American Civil War of 1861-1865 was the problem of slavery, which existed at that time in the South. Slavery had been firmly entrenched in the southern states since the colonial era. Here, up to 40% of the population consisted of slaves. The result of the war was the prohibition of slavery, enshrined in the 13th Amendment to the US Constitution, which came into force on December 18, 1865. But even after this, the Ku Klux Klan existed for a long time.

View all slides