Georgian as translated. Russian - Georgian dictionary

Russian-Georgian phrasebook: how to explain in an unfamiliar country. Popular phrases and expressions for travelers.

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The Georgian language is one of the Kartvelian languages \u200b\u200band is distributed besides Georgia in Azeirbadzhan, Iran, Turkey and Russia. For us, the Georgian language is surprising in that there are no capital letters, no capital letters, no masculine and feminine, and each letter corresponds to only one sound. In addition, the Georgian language has a distinctive phonetic system that allows consonant combinations unpronounceable for other languages \u200b\u200b(mtsmtteli, gvprtkvni).

And before you pronounce the Georgian word, you need to make sure that you pronounce it correctly, since one incorrect sound and the word will change its meaning, and you will find yourself in an awkward situation.

In the Georgian language there are words from 8 or more consonants in a row. For example, in the epic poem “The Knight in the Tiger Skin”, the word with 11 consonants in a row is used - ვეფხვთმბრდღვნელი, in Russian it will sound like this - vehhvtmbrdgvneli.

In Georgia, a rare system of calculus is used - the decimal, so you need to learn numbers from 1 to 20, and then calculate everything in twenty. For example, the number 95 is pronounced four times twenty and fifteen.

Georgian language (ქართული ენა; kartuli ena) - the most important language in the Caucasian group of languages. The Caucasian group of languages \u200b\u200bis divided into three language families: South Caucasian or Kartvelian, northeastern and northwestern. They are very diverse. Strabo (greek historian and geographer ) wrote that in I century BC only in the area of \u200b\u200bDioscuria (Sukhumi) did the Romans need at least 70 translators. Only in Dagestan alone there are 14 nationalities and 29 languages, therefore it is not surprising that the name of the Caucasus comes from the Arabic phrase “mountain of languages”.

There are 5 vowels and 28 consonants in the Georgian alphabet; it is not like any other alphabet in the world. Its writing in Georgia appeared back inIII century BC, but it was supplanted by Greek and Aramaic writing. The modern alphabet began to develop with the advent of the Christian faith in the country and was definitely used in 450. The first literary work “Martyrdom of the Holy Queen Shushanik” was written by J. Tsurtaveli between 476 and 483. ATXII century Shota Rustaveli wrote a poem in poetry "The Knight in the Tiger Skin". There are no births in the Georgian language, and there are no capital letters in the Georgian written language.

Most adults in large cities of Georgia speak Russian. Young people often understand and speak English well. In mountainous regions, in small villages, the local population speaks only Georgian.

If you are going on a Georgia tour, you can purchase Georgian travel phrases and learn basic phrases for communication. I will give some phrases below in a short dictionary.

Brief Dictionary

Numerals

The above phrases and words may come in handy in colloquial speech during your visit to Georgia. However, for a more comfortable stay in Georgia, we recommend that you use our services. All services of the format "Georgia tours" and "Georgia tours" companyRainbow Georgia // provides in Russian, English and on request - in French.

The Georgian language is certainly not an easy thing and is completely incomprehensible to us, but it is considered very beautiful and recognized by UNESCO as a masterpiece of cultural heritage.

Honestly, Russian-speaking tourists knowledge of Georgian   when visiting a country it’s not necessary at all, since almost the entire adult population speaks Russian, and most young people speak English.

Thanks to what our tourist is very comfortable to rest here. But if you still decide to learn a few small words in Georgian   and if you use them during a conversation, then for this they will treat you even more cordially.

And a situation can always arise when it is simply necessary to understand at least a little bit. Therefore, do not be lazy and earn yourself a small plus sign.

And remember: Georgians often communicate among themselves quite loudly. Upon arrival, you will immediately notice this and it will seem that a quarrel is brewing, but this is not so. It's just that the local population is emotional and used to talking in such tones. You can safely pass by and not pay attention.

Features of the Georgian language

In the Georgian alphabet 33 letterswhich can clearly be seen on the beautiful and huge. Of this number of letters, there are only 5 vowels and often they are in a row, which greatly complicates the pronunciation. For example, try to read the word gvprtskvnis (peel). You can not? And we don’t ...

Georgian alphabet not simular   not one of the alphabets of the world, and if you look closely, you can see a part of the vine in almost every letter.

Another couple of wonders for us. There is no Georgian language   uppercase (even for names) and articles, there are no masculine and feminine and no capital letters. Also, only one sound corresponds to each letter and only one letter to each sound, therefore we always write as we hear.

All these rules simplify the spelling rather, therefore, the spelling of the Georgian language is considered not difficult. We cannot agree with this, because the alphabet alone is worth what. But, frankly, the devil is not so terrible as he is painted and a couple of dozen of the most necessary words can be easily learned.

Also interesting is the fact that the Georgian language   very ancient   and one of the few surviving to our time. Today, about 4 million people speak Georgian, but even with such a small number, 17 dialects are distinguished in it.

And the most useful thing that a tourist needs to know on vacation in Georgia is that in the Georgian language is quite rare decimal number system, which was once used by the May tribes.

That is, the numbers from 1 to 20 are standard and you just need to learn them, and after that everything numbers in twenty. It is also necessary to remember how the number one hundred is pronounced and add the rest to it using the same system.

For example: pronounce the number 73 as three times twenty and thirteen, and 164 - one hundred three twenty and four. Other examples and how they are pronounced see below.

Russian - Georgian dictionary

Key words:

• Hello - Gamardzhoba
• Goodbye - Nahwamdis
• Bye Kargad
• Yes - Diah, ho, ki
• No - Ara
• Thanks - Madlobt
• Thank you very much! - Didi Madloba!
• Please, no reason - Arapris
• Sorry - Ucravasad, Bodishi
• What's your name? - Ra gkvia?
• My name is Ma Var ...
• How much is? - Ra girs?
• What time is it now? - Romeli Saatia?
• What it is? - Es Ra Aris?
• Do you have ... - Twain hack ...
• Want - Minda
• I do not want! - Ar minda!
• How are you? - Rogor hart?
• Good. How are you? - Kargad. Tkwen?
• Thank you, good - Gmadlobt, Kargad
• I don't speak Georgian - Mae ver Kartulad
• Good - Kargad
• Bad - Tsudad
• You can’t! - Ar sheidzleb!
• A bit - Tsota
• Many - Bevry
• All - Khwala

Orientation by area:

• Left - Marzhniv
• Right - Margin
• Straight - Pirdapir
• Up - Zemot
• Down - Kvamot
• Away - Shores
• Close - Akhlos
• Card - Hand
• Where? - Aris garden ...?
• What is the address? - Ra misamartia?
• Where is the hotel? - Garden aris sastumro?

• Water - Tskhali
• Wine - G’hvino
• Fruit - Healy
• Ice Cream - Nahini
• Coffee - Khava
• Tea - Teas
• Juice - Tsveni
• Salt - Marily
• Pepper - Pilpili
• Bread - Puri
• Meat - Horsi
• Breakfast - South
• Lunch - Planted
• Dinner - Vakhshami

Numbers and numbers:

• 0 - Zeros
• 1 - Erty
• 2 - Ori
• 3 - Sami
• 4 - Akhi
• 5 - Houthi
• 6 - Equi
• 7 - Tweedy
• 8 - Moat
• 9 - Chra
• 10 - Ati
• 11 - Tertmeti
• 12 - Tormeti
• 13 - Tsameti
• 14 - Totkhmeti
• 15 - Thutmeti
• 16 - Texvmeti
• 17 - Chvidmeti
• 18 - Twrate
• 19 - Tskhrameti
• 20 - Oci
• 21 - Oz da Erty (twenty and one)
• 22 - Oz da ori (twenty and two), etc. according to the system
• 30 - Oz da Ati (twenty and ten)
• 31 - Oz da tertmeti (twenty and eleven)
• 32 - Oz da Tormeti (twenty and twelve)
• 40 - Orm-otsi (two twenty)
• 50 - Or-m-ots-da-ati (two twenty and ten)
• 60 - Sam Otsi (three twenty)
• 70 - Sam-oz-da-ati (three twenty and ten)
• 80 - Othmotzi (four twenty)
• 90 - Oth-motz-da-ati (four twenty and ten)
• 100 - Asi
• 121 - As os da da erti (one hundred twenty and one)
• 154 - As Or-m-ots-da-Totkhmeti (one hundred two twenty and fourteen)
• 200 - Or-asi (two hundred)
• 300 - Sam-asi (three hundred), etc.
• 1000 - At-asi (ten hundred)
• 2000 - Ori at-asi (two thousand)