Download presentation on the topic entrepreneur. The essence and functions of entrepreneurship. essence of entrepreneurial activity

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Entrepreneurial

activity

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proactive, independent, human activity carried out at one’s own risk and under one’s own property responsibility, aimed at making a profit.

Entrepreneurial activity (entrepreneurship) -

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Freedom to choose economic activity and its methods; Independence; Risk and responsibility for decisions made and their consequences; Focus on achieving economic and moral success.

Traits of Entrepreneurship:

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Entrepreneurship

Business entities - Individuals (citizens of the Russian Federation, citizens of foreign states, stateless persons), various associations (associations, joint stock companies, rental collectives, cooperatives), the state.

Business objects - Any type of economic activity: -productive activity (sewing clothes, baking bread); -provision of services (repair, hairdressing services); -commercial intermediation (i.e. concluding commercial transactions on someone’s instructions); -trade and procurement activities (organization of purchase and sale of mushrooms); -transactions with securities (sale and purchase of shares of enterprises).

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Entrepreneurs

Legal entity - can be an organization, institution, firm, acting as a single, independent bearer of rights and obligations.

An individual is a person participating in economic activity as its full-fledged subject. Act on their own behalf, can engage in business from the moment of state registration as an individual entrepreneur.

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Forms of entrepreneurship

1. Individual (private) entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship is run by one person. He bears unlimited property liability for the conduct of the business. 2. Partnership (partnership). Entrepreneurship is carried out by two or more people. They make joint decisions and bear personal financial responsibility for the conduct of the business. 3. Cooperative. Similar to a partnership, but has a larger number of shareholders. 4. Corporation (joint stock company). Entrepreneurial activity is carried out by a set of persons. The ownership of a corporation is divided into shares.

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Basic principles governing business activities

Freedom of business

Making a profit as the main goal of entrepreneurial activity

Legality in business activities

Initiative and independent activity

Legal equality of various forms of ownership used in business activities

Freedom of competition and restrictions on monopolistic activities

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State regulation of business activities

Direct regulation

The need for state registration of entrepreneurs, obtaining a license (special permit) as a condition for carrying out a licensed type of activity, obtaining a certificate in the case of mandatory certification of products, goods and services.

Indirect regulation

Providing preferential loans, tax benefits

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The main features of an entrepreneur include(s)

1) risk appetite 2) focus on making big profits 3) knowledge of production technology 4) All of the above

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Construction of railways is an extremely expensive business. Even a group of the richest citizens in the country of N. did not have enough money to begin this project. Then the entrepreneurs created a business organization, the co-owners of which could be an unlimited number of money holders. Moreover, each of them has the right to a part of the property and income of this organization within the limits of the amounts that they once spent on the purchase of shares. Participants in this business organization are not liable for its obligations and bear the risk of losses to the extent of the value of the shares they own. This combination of rights and responsibilities turned out to be quite attractive for owners of funds. What form of entrepreneurship arose in the country N.?

Partnership Corporation Cooperative Individual entrepreneurship

Municipal educational institution "Zakharovskaya secondary school No. 2"

Project on:

Entrepreneurship

Head: Kashina I.A.

• Students mastering the basic concepts of the lesson (entrepreneurship, business, entrepreneur, profit, income, risks, family business) ;
• explain how to become an entrepreneur, what are the main features and characteristics of a business, the risks of running it;
• formation of students’ initial knowledge of the basics of entrepreneurship and the ability to apply acquired knowledge when organizing a small business;
• develop independent assessment of results.

• explain the meaning of the concepts: entrepreneurship, firm, partnership, joint-stock company;
• find out the reasons that motivate people to engage or not to engage in entrepreneurship and business;
• discuss the problems that exist in the development of entrepreneurship and business in Russia;
• develop research skills.

“The most powerful and valuable asset we have is the mind.”

Robert Kiyosaki

Entrepreneurship - independent activity carried out at one’s own risk, aimed at systematically obtaining profit from the use of property, sale of goods, performance of work or provision of services by persons registered in this capacity in the manner prescribed by law.

• Legal entities – commercial organizations and non-profit organizations (enterprises, societies, consumer cooperatives, public and religious organizations, etc.)

• Citizen also has the right to engage in entrepreneurial activities without forming a legal entity from the moment of state registration as private entrepreneur .

• Wish
• Courage
• Determination
• Ability to negotiate
• Willingness to work 24 hours a day
• Persistently achieve goals despite difficulties
• Act in accordance with the law

• Application (the signature on the application must be notarized).
• A copy of an identity document: for a citizen of the Russian Federation this is a copy of a passport, for foreigners and stateless persons - a copy of a document recognized in the Russian Federation as an identity document.
• A copy of the birth certificate or other document confirming the date and place of birth.
• Original or copy of a document confirming place of residence.
• Receipt for payment of state duty 400 rubles.

• Registration will be ready no more than five working days from the date of submission of documents. If a citizen submits documents in person, he is given a receipt indicating their receipt indicating the list and date.

3) Consent or refusal

• Decision to refuse must be sent to the person specified in the registration application with notification of delivery of such a decision. Such a decision must indicate the reason for the refusal. The decision to refuse state registration can be appealed in court

• Seal for concluding contracts

with employees and partners.

• Bank account for settlements with employees and partners.
• Cash machine for cash payments. Please note that it also needs to be registered with the tax office. The cost of the device is $400–800.

Entrepreneur's rights :

• Create your own production program
• Identify suppliers and consumers of your products
• Set prices for products/goods/services within the limits determined by law and business contracts

Responsibilities of an entrepreneur :

• Act in accordance with the laws
• Fulfill obligations under concluded contracts
• Submit reports to regulatory authorities in a timely manner
• Pay taxes on time and in full.

• The business must be profitable.
• You should like the matter (be to your liking).
• The business must benefit the public.

OPU – a statement showing income, expenses, profit or loss over a specified period of time

Sections of the GPU

1. Income (gross)

2. Cost (purchase)

3. Gross profit

4. Expenses associated with doing business, personal expenses

5. Net profit

Balance - A statement showing assets, liabilities, and owner's equity as of a specific date.

Components of balance :

1 part : What is this? (Assets)

Working capital (cash, accounts receivable, raw materials, inventory balances)

Fixed assets (equipment, vehicles, real estate)

2 Part : Whose is this? (Passive)

Liabilities (taxes, loans, credits)

Equity

• Tax system – a set of taxes and fees established by law that are paid by business entities (SPA). For an entrepreneur, the following taxation systems exist: :

Flat tax

Single tax

General tax scheme

• The total amount of taxes paid by SPD depends on the form of registration and the chosen taxation system.

So, at the heart of it all is thought,

suddenly dawning on a person -

entrepreneurial idea!

However, it is important not only to come up with

but also go from fantasies to practical actions!

Not everyone can withstand bring your work to completion.

Sometimes it takes years to realize a plan,

you have to overcome thousands of obstacles to achieve your goal.

Here's another quality - perseverance.

BANKING SYSTEM OF RUSSIA– a set of national banks and other credit institutions operating within a single financial and credit mechanism. Includes two levels: the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia) and credit organizations.

Economists believe that the reasons for the low level of development of the banking system are:

1. The Russian banking system is not an investment-attractive area; its capitalization level is low.

2. The state does not devote enough time to the development of the banking sector and does not create the necessary conditions for its development.

3. Low level of monetization of the economy, which slows down its development and the development of the country as a whole.

4. A significant share of cash circulation and financial flows of the state that pass outside the banking system.

5. The infrastructure for providing banking services is insufficiently developed.

6. There is no state protection for commercial banks, which are the main element of the entire credit system.

Types and forms of entrepreneurial activity. The role of entrepreneurship in a market economy Types and forms of entrepreneurial activity. The role of entrepreneurship in a market economy Natalia Vitalievna Titkova Teacher of technology, drawing, economics Municipal Educational Institution Kozhevnikovskaya Secondary School 1 Technology of Entrepreneurship and Business

Entrepreneurship is a special type of economic activity that is based on initiative and independent activity; initiative and independent activity; property liability; property liability; risky activities; risky activities; systematically making a profit. systematically making a profit.

Types of entrepreneurship Manufacturing entrepreneurship Manufacturing entrepreneurship - mining - mining - metallurgical - metallurgical - mechanical engineering - engineering - agriculture - agriculture Entrepreneurship in the service sector - trade (wholesale, retail), - financial (banking, insurance, etc.), - consulting (in the field of jurisprudence, finance, psychology, sociology)

Individual (sole) entrepreneurship This kind of company is called a one-person business, or private property + 1. sole ownership, easy to register 2. significant freedom of action 3. relatively low taxes (no more than 35%) 4. can provide personal services 5. gets everything in case of success and nothing in case of loss - 1. less stability 2. limited entrepreneurial abilities 3. full responsibility of the owner for the results of his activities

Partnership entrepreneurship Partnership is a voluntary association of partners who have come together for a joint business with the goal of making a profit + 1. pooling the capital of several individuals allows you to open a more promising business 2. easily created 3. opportunities to attract bank capital 4. responsibility of each for a certain area of ​​​​work 5. regulation on the part of the state there is, but not particularly strict - 1. several people participate in management 2. limited financial resources 3. the duration of the partnership is unpredictable 4. responsibility for the activities of the enterprise

Corporate entrepreneurship A corporation is a form of business that can acquire resources, own assets, produce and sell products, borrow, provide loans, be a plaintiff and defendant in court + 1. great financial capabilities and attracting investments 2. maximum stability of the company 3. the ability to hire professional managers 4. limited liability (within the limits of invested capital) 5. advantages in the sales market - 1. registration of the corporation's charter is associated with costs 2. strong supervision by the state because corporations are the main providers of taxes and provide employment to hundreds, and sometimes thousands of people. 3. high taxes

Summary of the lesson or key concepts of the topic Entrepreneurship is... the process of creating something new that has value Entrepreneurship is... the process of creating something new that has value An entrepreneur is... a person who spends time and effort, takes on everything financial, psychological and social risk, receiving money and satisfaction with what has been achieved as a reward. An entrepreneur is...a person who spends time and effort, takes on all the financial, psychological and social risks, receiving money and satisfaction with what has been achieved as a reward. Entrepreneurial activity is... the intellectual activity of an energetic and enterprising person who, owning any material assets, uses them to organize a business. Entrepreneurial activity is... the intellectual activity of an energetic and enterprising person who, owning any material assets, uses them to organize a business. Types and forms of entrepreneurial activity - ... depending on the number of participants it can be: individual, collective; Depending on the subject of activity, it can be: production, trade and commerce, insurance, credit and financial, intermediation. Types and forms of entrepreneurial activity - ... depending on the number of participants it can be: individual, collective; Depending on the subject of activity, it can be: production, trade and commerce, insurance, credit and financial, intermediation.

• Entrepreneurship – this is an initiative, independent activity of individuals or an enterprise aimed at obtaining profit or personal income, carried out at their own risk and under their own property responsibility [Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Article 2, paragraph 1].

• “An entrepreneur is a poor fellow and an eternal debtor; an irrepressible optimist who has voluntarily chosen a life career in which he will more than once have to change his object and, perhaps, the sphere of his business, probably go broke and try to get back on his feet again; an merciless self-exploiter without regular working hours and vacations, who, even if successful, does not allow himself to spend more on his own consumption than a qualified hired worker.”

V. Bogachev, scientist-economist, professor.

• Entrepreneurship - This is a type of activity for the implementation of bold, important and difficult projects.
• Entrepreneurship – this is a risky business, voluntarily carried out by citizens (or their associations) at their own risk and responsibility.
• Entrepreneurship associated with the desire to invent, do something new, or improve something already existing. It is inextricably linked with such concepts as dynamism, initiative, courage, and releases the potential in society that turns many interesting ideas into reality.

Entrepreneurship can be defined from various perspectives, such as:

• - initiative activity of citizens, which consists in the production of goods and services aimed at making a profit;
• - the direct function of selling property, its main production function;
• - the process of organizational innovation in order to make a profit;
• - actions aimed at increasing capital, developing production and appropriating profits; ·
• - a specific type of activity aimed at the tireless search for changes in the existing forms of life of enterprises and society, the constant implementation of these changes.

The subjects of the entrepreneurial process are :

• Entrepreneur
• Consumer
• State
• Wage-earners
• Business partners

The main task of entrepreneurship is

• make the best choice as to how, given unlimited needs, it is best to use limited resources to obtain the greatest possible profit.

produce?

What to produce?

How to produce?

• When choosing “what to produce?” the availability of necessary factors of production is taken into account.
• When choosing “how to produce?” the technical and technological capabilities of the enterprise are taken into account.
• When choosing “for whom to produce?” market demands are taken into account.

• Entrepreneurship – this is the process of creating new goods, works, services that have value for consumers; the process of meeting ever-growing needs; a process carried out on the basis of the constant combination of factors of production, the effective use of available resources to achieve the best results.

functions of entrepreneurship:

• 1. General economic- manifests itself in economic growth and an increase in gross domestic product and national income.
• 2. Creative search (innovation) is associated not only with the use of new ideas in the process of entrepreneurial activity, but also with the development of new means to achieve set goals;
• 3. Resource- efficient use of both renewable resources and limited resources;
• 4. Social- manifests itself in the ability of every capable individual to be the owner of a business and better demonstrate their individual talents and capabilities. The development of entrepreneurship ensures an increase in the number of jobs, a reduction in the unemployment rate, an increase in the standard of living and social status of employees;
• 5. Organizational- manifests itself in entrepreneurs making independent decisions about organizing their own business.

Classification of business activities by:

• forms of ownership;
• signs of legality;
• coverage of the territory;
• number and composition of personnel;
• level of profitability;
• use of innovations;
• number of participants;
• forms of responsibility, etc.

By type of ownership:

• Public entrepreneurship- this is a form of economic activity on behalf of enterprises and institutions.

• Private enterprise- a form of carrying out economic activity on behalf of an enterprise or entrepreneur.

Based on legality

• legal,
• illegal,
• false entrepreneurship,
• shadow

By territory coverage

• local,
• regional,
• national,
• international,
• global.

By number of participants:

• Individual,
• collective (partnership).

By forms of responsibility:

• with full responsibility ,
• with joint liability(implies the responsibility of each debtor to the creditor in full for the obligations assumed),
• with subsidiary liability(a participant (founder) of an organization is not liable for its obligations, and the organization is not responsible for the obligations of a participant (founder), except for cases provided for by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation or the constituent documents of the organization).

Depending on the content and direction of entrepreneurial activity, the object of investment of capital and the receipt of specific results, the following are distinguished: types of entrepreneurship:

• production;
• commercial and trade;
• financial and credit;
• insurance;
• intermediary.

Types of entrepreneurship

Kinds

entrepreneurship

Industrial

Main functions

Production of industrial goods, works, provision of services

Trade

Organizational forms

Industrial and commercial organizations, enterprises, firms, companies

Purchase and sale of goods and services

Banking

Agrarian

Trade and commercial organizations, commodity exchanges

Purchase and sale of currency, securities, credit, work with deposits

Banks, stock exchanges, insurance and trust companies

Production of agricultural products and their marketing

Advisory (consulting)

Various types of cooperatives, individual farms

Advisory services

Consulting organizations, firms, companies

Protective functions

Private security companies, etc.

• In addition, entrepreneurship can be large, medium and small.

• Industry structure of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia:

In conclusion…

• Nowadays, the need for widespread development of entrepreneurship in Russia is obvious to everyone. Entrepreneurship as one of the specific forms of manifestation of social relations helps to increase the material and spiritual potential of society, creates favorable conditions for the practical implementation of the abilities and talents of each individual, leads to the unification of the nation, the preservation of the national spirit and national pride.