Presentation on the topic: Adaptive physical education. Functions of adaptive physical culture Statistical data on the health of Russian schoolchildren
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG DISABLED PEOPLE: REALITY AND PROSPECTS
2.1. Reality
2.2. Prospects
CHAPTER 3. PARALYMPIC SPORTS IN RUSSIA
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION
Trouble, when it comes, does not ask for your first or last name, or year of birth. Misfortune can happen to anyone. I don’t even want to think about the fact that a child born healthy will in one terrible moment turn into a person, as they say, with limited physical capabilities. And in principle, it’s not worth it.
In reality, there are hundreds, thousands of unhappy children and adults who are deprived of the opportunity to lead a full life. You cannot lock such a person within four walls, supposedly protecting him from the dangers and difficulties that lie in wait on the street. The computer and books are good friends when alone. But does everyone need loneliness? And how does it feel to feel “cut off” from the rest of the world?
In the system of social protection measures for disabled people, its active forms are becoming increasingly important, the most effective of which is rehabilitation and social adaptation through physical culture and sports. Integration of people with disabilities into society today is unthinkable without their physical rehabilitation. The latter is not only an integral part of the professional and social rehabilitation of disabled people, but also lies at their basis.
CHAPTER 1. ADAPTIVE PHYSICAL CULTURE
Adaptive physical culture is a set of sports and recreational measures aimed at rehabilitation and adaptation to the normal social environment of people with disabilities, overcoming psychological barriers that impede the feeling of a full life, as well as the awareness of the need for one’s personal contribution to the social development of society.
Of course, its scope is comprehensive, especially in the current living conditions, when the health of the population as a whole and especially young people is deteriorating catastrophically. And not only in our country. Adaptive physical education has already become widespread in many foreign countries. Well-trained professionals in this field are expected in clinics and hospitals, sanatoriums and rest homes, health and rehabilitation centers, in educational institutions, especially specialized ones, and in sports teams.
But most importantly, adaptive physical education allows us to solve the problem of integrating a disabled person into society. How?
In a person with disabilities in physical or mental health, adaptive physical education forms:
a conscious attitude towards one’s own strengths in comparison with the strengths of an average healthy person;
the ability to overcome not only physical, but also psychological barriers that prevent a full life;
compensatory skills, that is, allows you to use the functions of different systems and organs instead of missing or impaired ones;
the ability to overcome the physical stress necessary for full functioning in society;
the need to be as healthy as possible and to lead a healthy lifestyle;
awareness of the need for one’s personal contribution to society;
desire to improve your personal qualities;
desire to improve mental and physical performance.
It is believed that adaptive physical education is much more effective than drug therapy. It is clear that adaptive physical education is strictly individual in nature. Adaptive physical education takes place entirely from beginning to end under the guidance of an adaptive physical education specialist.
“Adaptive” - this name emphasizes the purpose of physical education means for people with health problems. This suggests that physical culture in all its manifestations should stimulate positive morpho-functional changes in the body, thereby forming the necessary motor coordination, physical qualities and abilities aimed at life support, development and improvement of the body.
The main direction of adaptive physical culture is the formation of motor activity as a biological and social factor influencing the human body and personality. Understanding the essence of this phenomenon is the methodological foundation of adaptive physical culture. At the St. Petersburg Academy of Physical Culture named after. P.F. Lesgaft opened the Faculty of Adaptive Physical Culture, whose task is to train highly qualified specialists to work in the field of physical culture for people with disabilities.
CHAPTER 2. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SPORTS AMONG PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES: REALITY AND PROSPECTS
There is a widespread view that a society's concern for its disabled fellow citizens is a measure of its cultural and social development. “One of the indicators of a civilized society is its attitude towards people with disabilities,” says Professor P.A. Vinogradov.
In a UN resolution adopted on December 9, 1975. Not only the rights of people with disabilities, but also the conditions that should be created for them by state and public structures are outlined quite thoroughly. These conditions include the conditions of the employment environment, incl. motivation from society, provision of medical care, psychological adaptation and creation of social conditions, including individual transport, as well as methodological, technical and professional support.
2.1. Reality.
According to the World Health Organization, people with disabilities make up about 10% of the world's population. This statistics is also typical for Russia (15 million disabled people). Despite advances in medicine, their number is slowly but steadily growing, especially among children and adolescents. Until recently, the problems of this rather significant category of the population were ignored, and yet, recently, as a result of the gradual humanization of society, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the World Program of Action for Persons with Disabilities and the UN Standard Rules for the Realization of Equal Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities were adopted. Many countries have adopted legislative acts that reflect the problems of people with disabilities.
Currently, most economically developed countries, and, first of all, the USA, Great Britain, Germany, etc., have a variety of programs and social security systems for people with disabilities, which include physical education and sports.
Many foreign countries have developed a system for involving disabled people in physical education and sports, which includes a clinic, a rehabilitation center, sports sections and clubs for the disabled. But the most important thing is to create conditions for these activities.
The main goal of attracting disabled people to regular physical education and sports is to restore lost contact with the outside world, create the necessary conditions for reunification with society, participation in socially useful work and rehabilitation of their health. In addition, physical education and sports help the mental and physical improvement of this category of the population, contributing to their social integration and physical rehabilitation.
In foreign countries, physical activity is very popular among disabled people for the purpose of relaxation, entertainment, communication, maintaining or acquiring good physical shape, the required level of physical fitness. Disabled people, as a rule, are deprived of the opportunity to move freely, so they often experience disorders of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Physical education and health activity in such cases is an effective means of prevention and restoration of normal functioning of the body, and also contributes to the acquisition of the level of physical fitness that is necessary, for example, for a disabled person to be able to use a wheelchair, prosthesis or orthosis. Moreover, we are talking not just about restoring normal body functions, but also about restoring ability to work and acquiring work skills. For example, in the USA, 10 million disabled people, constituting 5% of the population, receive government assistance in the amount of 7% of the Total National Income.
One can argue with the statement that it was the sports movement of disabled people in the West that stimulated the legislative recognition of their civil rights, but there is no doubt that the sports movement of “wheelchair people” in the 50s - 60s. in many countries has drawn attention to their capabilities and potential.
Taking into account the above, the World Program of Action for Persons with Disabilities states: “The importance of sport for persons with disabilities is increasingly recognized. Member States should therefore encourage all types of sporting activities for persons with disabilities, in particular by providing adequate facilities and proper organization of these activities.” Creating equal conditions for people with disabilities regarding their involvement in physical education and sports is the main achievement of developed countries.
“Until recently, in Russia this group of the population was among those virtually excluded from the normal life of society. Their problems were not discussed publicly. Urban planning practice did not provide for special devices in public places to make it easier for people with disabilities to move around. Many areas of public life were closed to people with disabilities,” they wrote in 1996. authors of the book “Fundamentals of Physical Culture and a Healthy Lifestyle” P.A. Vinogradov, A.P. Dushanin and V.I. Zholdak.
For many years, we had the opinion that the concepts of “disabled person”, “physical activity”, and, even more so, “sport” are incompatible and physical education was recommended only to individual disabled people as a short-term activity that complements physiotherapeutic and medicinal prescriptions. Physical culture and sports were not considered as an effective means of rehabilitating people with disabilities, maintaining their physical capabilities and promoting health.
PAGE_BREAK--The 90s brought serious changes to society's attitude towards people with disabilities in Russia. And, although for the most part these changes were only proclaimed, they still played a positive role.
Board of the SCFT of Russia October 31, 1997 considered the issue “On the system of state measures for the development of physical culture and sports for people with disabilities.” In its resolution on this issue, the board noted serious shortcomings in improving the health of people with disabilities through physical culture and sports and the emergence of a bias towards elite sports to the detriment of mass health-improving work among this group of the population.
Among the main reasons for the existing shortcomings in work, the first place is called the lack of a regulatory framework. The primary thing is, as noted above, the lack of socio-economic conditions in Russia to solve this problem, and the misunderstanding by many state political and public figures of the importance of solving this problem and overcoming the old stereotype of people with disabilities as people unnecessary to society. It is to solve these problems that the program of priority measures prepared by the Department of Physical Culture and Health Work and Relations with State and Public Organizations of the GKFG of Russia is aimed.
These issues are most fully reflected in the Concept of state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of physical rehabilitation and social adaptation of disabled people through physical culture and sports for 1999-2004, developed on behalf of the Council for Disabled People under the President of the Russian Federation by scientists from VNIIFK, employees of the State Committee for Physical Education of Russia and other public organizations (Tsarik A.V., Neverkovich S.D., Dmitriev V.S., Seleznev L.N., Chepik V.D., etc.).
2.2 Prospects.
In the Concept of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of physical rehabilitation and social adaptation of disabled people through physical culture and sports for 1999-2004, among the main goals and objectives of the State policy in the field of rehabilitation and social adaptation of disabled people through physical culture and sports, the creation of conditions for disabled people to engage in physical education and sports, developing their need for these activities.
And yet, naming ways to achieve the main goals in working with people with disabilities, the developers note: “to create a structure of state and public management (and therefore financing - the author) of physical culture and sports for people with disabilities that is adequate to the current socio-economic conditions.”
Such a record involuntarily leads to the idea that the current crisis socio-economic situation in Russia requires adequate management and financing of this important area. It is impossible to agree with this, because... Even in this crisis situation, society can and must create the conditions necessary for the life of people with disabilities.
Among the priority areas of activity for the development of adaptive physical culture, the developers of the Concept rightly name:
involving as many disabled people as possible in physical education and sports;
physical education and outreach support for the development of physical culture and mass sports among disabled people;
ensuring the accessibility of existing physical education, health and sports facilities for disabled people;
training, advanced training and retraining of specialists for physical education, rehabilitation and sports work with disabled people;
creation of a regulatory framework for the development of physical culture and sports for people with disabilities.
The undoubted advantage of this concept is the proposals for the delimitation of powers and functions in the system of physical rehabilitation of disabled people between federal and regional government bodies in the field of physical culture and sports.
In this regard, it should be emphasized that the center of gravity in work moves to places. It is local authorities, first of all, who must create equal conditions for physical education and sports among all categories of the population.
Adaptive physical culture has been intensively studied in recent years and involves scientific substantiation of a wide range of problems: regulatory support for educational, training and competitive activities; load and rest management; pharmacological support for disabled athletes during periods of extreme and near-limit physical and mental stress; non-traditional means and methods of restoration; socialization and communication activities; technical and design training as a new type of sports training and many others.
The most effective ways of using physical exercises to organize active recreation for disabled people and people with health problems, switching them to another type of activity, enjoying physical activity, etc. are being studied.
In the physical rehabilitation of adaptive physical culture, the emphasis is on the search for non-traditional systems for improving the health of people with disabilities, focusing primarily on technologies that connect the physical (bodily) and mental (spiritual) principles of a person and focus on the independent activity of those involved (various methods of psychosomatic self-regulation , psychotherapeutic techniques, etc.).
The biological and socio-psychological effects of the use of motor actions associated with subjective risk, but with guaranteed safety for those engaged in and performed with the aim of preventing depression, frustration, various socially unacceptable types of addictions (alcohol, psychoactive substances, gambling, etc.) are being studied. .
Technologies are being scientifically substantiated based on the integration of motor activity with the means and methods of art (music, choreography, pantomime, drawing, modeling, etc.) and implying the displacement of the previous picture of the world from the consciousness of those involved, their absorption by new impressions, images, activity, immersion in activity that stimulates the work of resting areas of the brain (both hemispheres), all spheres of human perception. Creative types of adaptive physical culture give students the opportunity to process their negative states (aggression, fear, alienation, anxiety, etc.), to know themselves better; experiment with your body and movement; receive sensory satisfaction and joy in the sensations of your own body.
The sector's employees specialize in various fields of science (pedagogy, psychology, medicine, physiology, biomechanics, mathematical statistics, etc.), as well as the accumulation of extensive practical experience in the field of adaptive physical education (APC) and adaptive sports (AS) provide a comprehensive approach to solving problems related to:
development of regulatory frameworks for adaptive physical culture and sports;
substantiation of innovative technologies for scientific and methodological support of physical culture and sports activities of people with health problems;
diagnostics (including computer), assessment and control over the condition of those involved in physical and sports exercises;
providing practical assistance in correcting existing functional disorders;
organizing and conducting scientific conferences on AFC issues;
training of highly qualified personnel in the field of financial services (postgraduate studies, conducting dissertation research and defending a dissertation).
CHAPTER 3. PARALYMPIC SPORTS IN RUSSIA.
There are more than 10 million disabled people in Russia and not all of them are passive; many of them need rehabilitation measures through physical education and sports.
The Paralympic movement has existed in Russia for more than 15 years, the Paralympic Committee and the Russian Federation of Physical Culture and Sports for Disabled People have been operating.
Today in Russia there are 688 physical education and sports clubs for people with disabilities, the number of people involved in adaptive physical culture and sports in total is more than 95.8 thousand people, 8 children's and youth sports and health schools for people with disabilities have been created /YUSOSHI/.
Adaptive physical education and sports are developing most actively in the republics of Bashkiria, Tataria, and Komi; Krasnoyarsk Territory, Volgograd, Voronezh, Moscow, Omsk, Perm, Rostov, Saratov, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk regions; cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg.
Russian athletes participate in European and world championships, winter and summer Paralympic Games. In 1988, Russia took part in the Paralympic Games for the first time in Seoul. At the X Paralympic Games in Atlanta in 1996, the Russian team won 27 medals, including 9 gold, 7 silver and 11 bronze and took 16th place. In total, 52 disabled athletes from 13 regions of Russia won medals (including team events). 85 Russian athletes showed results exceeding personal achievements.
The performance of the Russian national teams at the XI Paralympic Games in 2000 in Sydney (Australia) showed some progress in preparing disabled athletes for competitions of the highest rank. The Russian sports delegation, represented by 90 athletes, won 35 medals, including 12 gold, 11 silver and 12 bronze awards, performing in 10 types of the program out of 20, and took 14th overall team place.
The age range of Russian athletes at the Sydney Paralympic Games ranged from 17 to 53 years. Currently, there is a significant “rejuvenation” of the composition, associated with the intensive renewal of the majority of Russian national teams in the period 2003 - 2004.
At the Winter Paralympic Games in Salt Lake City in 2002, the Russians won 7 gold, 9 silver and 5 bronze medals. The Russian national team became the world football champions.
On March 26, 2003, a decree of the President of the Russian Federation was issued on preparations for the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens and the 2006 Winter Games in Turin, which for the first time included issues of preparation for the Paralympic Games.
The 2004 Paralympic Games in Athens were the fifth Summer Games in which Russians participated - 113 athletes with musculoskeletal and visual impairments in 10 sports:
athletics - 23 people;
swimming - 17 people;
football - 14 people;
judo - 13 people;
volleyball (men) - 14 people;
bullet shooting - 8 people;
powerlifting - 11 people;
table tennis - 6 people;
equestrian sport - 6 people;
tennis – 1 person
Currently, in the development of sports among disabled people in Russia, there is an increasing role of the state. This is manifested, first of all, in government support for sports among people with disabilities; financing the training system for disabled athletes; formation of social policy in the field of sports for people with disabilities, in particular, social protection of athletes, coaches, and specialists.
Continuation
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Funding for the participation of Russian athletes with disabilities in official international competitions, including the Paralympic and Deaf Olympic Games, has increased more than 10 times since 1998. The amount of funding for all-Russian sports events among disabled people has grown from 8 to 60 million rubles over five years.
Within the framework of the subprogram “Physical education and health improvement of children, adolescents and youth in the Russian Federation /2002-2005/” of the federal target program “Youth of Russia” /2001-2005/, it provided for the allocation of 4.3 million rubles to strengthen the material and technical base scientific and practical centers of physical rehabilitation.
Every year, the Unified Calendar Plan for All-Russian and International Competitions provides for a section that includes about 100 All-Russian and 60 international sporting events among athletes with hearing, vision, intellectual impairments, and musculoskeletal disorders.
A priority for the State Sports Committee of Russia is to resolve the issue of equating the status of disabled athletes with the status of healthy athletes, and the status of Paralympic athletes with the status of Olympians.
Since 2000, the winners and prize-winners of the Paralympic Games, and since 2003, the winners and prize-winners of the Deaf Olympic Games and the coaches who trained them, have been given monetary rewards.
Together with the Paralympic and Deaf Olympic Committees of Russia, lists of leading disabled athletes candidates for presidential scholarships have been prepared. On December 4, 2003, a Decree of the President of the Russian Federation was issued on the establishment of scholarships for disabled athletes who are members of Russian national teams in Paralympic and deaf Olympic sports. The decree provides for the establishment of up to 100 scholarships annually for disabled athletes - members of Russian national teams in Paralympic and deaf Olympic sports in the amount of 15 thousand rubles. (Taken from RIA Novosti materials)
CONCLUSION
Intensifying work with people with disabilities in the field of physical culture and sports undoubtedly contributes to the humanization of society itself, changing its attitude towards this group of the population, and thus has great social significance.
It must be admitted that the problems of physical rehabilitation and social integration of disabled people through physical culture and sports are being resolved slowly. The main reasons for the poor development of physical culture and sports among people with disabilities are the virtual absence of specialized physical education, health and sports facilities, lack of equipment and inventory, the underdevelopment of a network of physical education and sports clubs, children's and youth sports schools and departments for people with disabilities in all types of institutions of additional education for physical education. sports orientation. There is a shortage of professional personnel. The need for physical improvement among disabled people is not sufficiently expressed, which is due to the lack of specialized propaganda encouraging them to engage in physical education and sports.
In the field of physical rehabilitation of people with disabilities, there is still an underestimation of the fact that physical education and sports are much more important for a person with disabilities than for people who are comfortable in this regard. Active physical education and sports activities, participation in sports competitions are a form of much-needed communication, restore mental balance, relieve the feeling of isolation, restore a sense of confidence and self-respect, and provide an opportunity to return to an active life. The main task still remains to involve as many disabled people as possible in intensive sports activities in order to use physical education and sports as one of the most important means for their adaptation and integration into the life of society, since these activities create mental attitudes that are extremely necessary for the successful reunification of a disabled person with society and participation in useful work. The use of physical culture and sports is effective, and in some cases the only method of physical rehabilitation and social adaptation.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Vydrin V.M. Methodological problems of the theory of physical culture //Theory and practice of physical culture, 2000, p. 10-12. - No. 6.
Evstafiev B.V. Analysis of basic concepts in the theory of physical culture /Materials for lectures. - L.: VIFK, 2005, p. 133 - No. 5.
Lubysheva L.I. The concept of human physical culture formation. - M.: GCOLIFK, 2003. - 120 s.
Matveev L.P. Introduction to the theory of physical culture: Textbook. village for the institute of physics. cult. - M.: FiS, 2003. - 128 p.
Nikolaev Yu.M. Theory of physical culture: functional, value, activity, effective aspects. St. Petersburg, 2000. -156 p.
Collection of materials for lectures on physical culture and sports for people with disabilities (Ed. and compiled by V.S. Dmitriev, A.V. Sakhno). T I and II. - M.: MOGIFK, VNIIFK, 1993. T. I. - 272 p. T. II. - 292 s
Social and biological foundations of physical culture: Textbook/Ed. ed. D. N. Davidenko Publishing house: ST. PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY, 2001, 208 p.
Shchedrina A.G. Health and mass physical culture. Methodological aspects //Theory and practice of physical culture, 1999. - No. 4.
“Physical exercise” - The goal of health improvement has three interrelated aspects: The goals of health lessons. Exercises have a significant impact on the formation of correct posture, beautiful gait, and cultivate aesthetic concepts and a culture of movement. While doing the exercises, enjoy good music, opportunities for communication, smile at each other, support each other in all your endeavors!
“Physical training and sports complex” - Order of the President of the Russian Federation. Development process. Layouts of signs for the complex. Measures to attract the population to the complex. Legal regulation. Information platform. Principles of formation of motivation. Participants in the development process. Structure of the complex. Coordination of the complex. Why does society need this?
“Scenario “Fun Starts”” - Inventory. Olympic quiz. Kangaroo. What is the Olympic flag? Sports event "Fun Starts". Songs on sports themes are played. Grand opening. Crossing. Block of questions. Participants of the event. Who's next? Friendly guys. Running with balls. Presentation of the judges. Save the team.
Exercises to develop the pectoral muscles. Calf muscle. Long vault over horse. Slide. Muscle structure. Forms of manifestation of power. Vault. Strength endurance. Movements that involve the pectoral muscles. Force.
“Physical education at a university” - The difference between the domestic and “Western” systems of physical education at a university. Sports sections at the university. What is in process and output. Features of the domestic system of physical education at universities. Innovative technologies of physical education at the university. Difficulties in implementation. The main problems of physical education at universities.
Yakovleva Elena
The work presents the goals, objectives, forms and means of adaptive physical culture.
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Adaptive physical education The presentation was prepared by a student of grade 11 “B”: MAOU Secondary School No. 15 Elena Yakovleva. Naberezhnye Chelny-2014.
The concept of Adaptive Physical Culture Adaptive physical culture (abbr. AFK) is a set of sports and recreational measures aimed at rehabilitation and adaptation to the normal social environment of people with disabilities, overcoming psychological barriers that impede the feeling of a full life, as well as the awareness of the need for their personal contribution to the social development of society.
Purpose: The purpose of adaptive physical culture as a type of physical culture can be defined as follows: 1. The maximum possible development of the vitality of a person who has persistent deviations in health, by ensuring the optimal mode of functioning of the bodily-motor characteristics and spiritual characteristics provided by nature and available forces, their harmonization for maximum self-realization as a socially and individually significant subject.
2. The goal must be filled with internal content, in understanding physicality as an external form of internal content, which creates the prerequisites for the formation of the physical culture of the individual, its maximum self-disclosure and self-realization.
Objectives: conscious attitude towards one’s own strengths in comparison with the strengths of an average healthy person; the ability to overcome not only physical, but also psychological barriers that prevent a full life; compensatory skills, that is, allows you to use the functions of different systems and organs instead of missing or impaired ones; the ability to overcome the physical stress necessary for full functioning in society;
the need to be as healthy as possible and to lead a healthy lifestyle; awareness of the need for one’s personal contribution to society; desire to improve your personal qualities; desire to improve mental and physical performance
AFC means: In modern practice of adaptive physical culture, there is a rich arsenal of physical exercise means to solve both basic and special (corrective) tasks: 1. Movements: walking, running, jumping. 2. General developmental exercises: 3. Without objects. 4. With objects (gymnastic sticks, hoops, sounded balls, balls of different quality, color, weight, hardness, size, sandbags, 0.5 kg dumbbells, etc.); 5. On equipment (gymnastic wall, bench, balance beam, rings, crossbar, ribbed board, mechanotherapy machines, etc.)
6. Exercises to develop the skill of correct posture 7. Exercises to strengthen the arches of the feet. 8 Exercises for the development of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems 9. Exercises for relaxation (physical and mental), muscle relaxation (muscle relaxation), conscious reduction of the tone of various muscle groups. 10. Special exercises for visual training: to improve the functioning of the eye muscles; to improve blood circulation in eye tissues; on the development of the accommodative ability of the eye; on the development of skin-optical sensation;
Auxiliary means of physical education include: 1. Hygienic factors (hygienic requirements for the learning process, compliance with the daily routine, visual load, etc.); 2. Natural forces of nature. Correct use of natural factors such as sun, air and water, which have a beneficial effect on the physical development, health and hardening of schoolchildren. Hygienic factors include all activities related to the preservation of vision and health of schoolchildren.
AFK methods: 1. Method of practical exercises - based on the motor activity of students. When working with these categories of children, all teaching methods are used, however, taking into account the peculiarities of their perception of educational material, there are some differences in techniques. They change depending on the child’s physical capabilities, stock of knowledge and skills, previous visual and motor experience, spatial orientation skills, and the ability to use residual vision.
3. Visualization method. Visualization is one of the specific features of the use of teaching methods in the process of familiarization with objects and actions. When examining objects (sports equipment), it is first proposed to examine the object in parts, the task is set to determine its shape, surface, quality, color, and then an attempt is made to perceive the object or action holistically. 2. The remote control method also refers to the word method, it involves controlling the student’s actions at a distance through the following commands: “turn right”, “turn left”, “go forward”, “three steps forward”, etc.
4. Method of stimulating physical activity. It is necessary to encourage children as often as possible, let them feel the joy of movement, help them get rid of an inferiority complex, a feeling of fear of space, and lack of confidence in their abilities. Create conditions for success whenever possible.
Functions: Functions of adaptive motor recreation Pedagogical functions Social functions Hedonistic Health-regenerative Developing Value-oriented Creative Self-education Communicative Integrative Socializing Functional connections with other social institutions
Principles of adaptive physical culture Social Special methodological humanistic orientation continuity of physical education socialization integration priority role of microsociety General methodological scientific consciousness consciousness and activity visibility accessibility systematic diagnosis differentiation and individualization correctional-developmental orientation compensatory orientation strength adequacy, optimality and variability taking into account age characteristics
Types of adaptive physical education Adaptive physical education Adaptive physical education Adaptive sports Adaptive physical rehabilitation Adaptive motor recreation
Conclusion: Thus, the content and tasks of the main types of adaptive physical culture are very briefly considered. They reveal the potential of the means and methods of adaptive physical culture, each of which, having a specific focus, contributes to one degree or another not only to the maximum possible increase in the vitality of a disabled person, but also to the comprehensive development of the individual, the acquisition of independence, social, everyday, mental activity and independence , improvement in professional activities and generally achieving outstanding results in life.
Used literature: Petlenko V.P. Current problems of valeology / Bulletin of the Baltic Academy, 1966, issue. 9, p. 7-15. Collection of materials for lectures on physical culture and sports for people with disabilities (Ed. and compiled by V.S. Dmitriev, A.V. Sakhno). T I and II. - M.: MOGIFK, VNIIFK, 1993. T. I. - 272 p. T. II. - 292 s. Shchedrina A.G. Health and mass physical culture. Methodological aspects //Theory and practice of physical culture, 1989. N 4. Therapeutic physical education in the system of medical rehabilitation: A guide for doctors /Ed. A.F. Kaptelina, I.P. Lebedeva. - M.: Medicine, 1995. - 400 p. Brekhman I.I. Valeology - the science of health / 2nd ed., additional, revised. - M.: FiS, 1990. - 208 p. Evseev S.P., Shapkova L.V., Adaptive physical culture: Textbook. - M.: Soviet Sport, 2000 Litosh N.L., Adaptive physical education: Psychological and pedagogical characteristics of children with developmental disorders: Textbook. - M.: SportAcademPress, 2002. - 140 p.
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The presentation on the topic “Adaptive physical education” can be downloaded absolutely free on our website. Subject of the project: Physical culture. Colorful slides and illustrations will help you engage your classmates or audience. To view the content, use the player, or if you want to download the report, click on the corresponding text under the player. The presentation contains 18 slide(s).
Presentation slides
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Federal Law "On Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation"
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Article 28. Physical culture and sports in the education system Educational institutions, taking into account local conditions and interests of students, independently determine the forms of physical education classes, means of physical education, types of sports and physical activity, methods and duration of classes. The organization of physical education in educational institutions includes: 1) conducting compulsory physical education classes within the framework of basic educational programs to the extent established by state educational standards, as well as additional physical exercise and sports classes within additional educational programs; 2) creation of conditions, including the provision of sports equipment and equipment.
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3) developing physical education skills in students, taking into account individual abilities and health status, creating conditions for involving students in physical education and sports; 4) implementation of physical education activities during training sessions; 5) conducting medical control over the organization of physical education; 6) formation of a responsible attitude of parents (persons replacing them) towards the health of children and their physical education; 7) conducting annual monitoring of physical fitness and physical development of students; 8) assistance in organizing and conducting sports events with the participation of students.
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1. Physical rehabilitation and social adaptation of disabled people and persons with limited health capabilities using the methods of adaptive physical culture and adaptive sports are carried out in rehabilitation centers, physical education and sports clubs for the disabled, and physical education and sports organizations. 2. Adaptive physical culture is a part of physical culture that uses a complex of effective means of physical rehabilitation of disabled people and persons with limited health capabilities. 3. Sports for people with disabilities (adaptive sports) is aimed at social adaptation and physical rehabilitation of people with disabilities and people with limited health capabilities. 4. The development of sports for people with disabilities is based on the principles of priority, mass distribution and accessibility of sports. 5. For persons with disabilities studying in relevant educational institutions, classes are organized using means of adaptive physical education and adaptive sports, taking into account individual abilities and health status. 6. The federal executive body in the field of physical culture and sports, executive bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, together with public associations of disabled people, promote the integration of disabled people and persons with disabilities. 7. Educational institutions have the right to create branches, departments, structural units for adaptive sports.
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a conscious attitude towards one’s own strengths in comparison with the strengths of an average healthy person; the ability to overcome not only physical, but also psychological barriers that prevent a full life; compensatory skills, that is, allows you to use the functions of different systems and organs instead of missing or impaired ones; the ability to overcome the physical stress necessary for full functioning in society; the need to be as healthy as possible and to lead a healthy lifestyle; awareness of the need for one’s personal contribution to society; desire to improve your personal qualities; desire to improve mental and physical performance.
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Statistical data on the health of Russian schoolchildren.
5% of graduates are healthy. 50% have chronic diseases. 70% - neuropsychiatric disorders. 98% of children are born with congenital pathology.
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Factors influencing health.
20% - gene pool. 20% - ecology. 10% - medical care. 50% - maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
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The most important factor in the social integration of schoolchildren with a different structure of defects is adaptive physical education, which promotes the spiritual development of the individual, a healthy lifestyle, the formation of a disabled person’s value-based attitude to his physical health, the ability to overcome emerging difficulties, increased personal activity, self-regulation and self-defense.
