Russian epics in the works of artists at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. Children's book illustrators (presentation) Illustrations for epics presentation
Epics The true history of the working people cannot be known without knowing oral folk art. M. Gorky The art of folk craftsmen has become a legend, its power extends to our time.
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The term "folklore", which was first introduced into science in 1846 by the English scientist W. J. Toms, translated means "folk wisdom"
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Genres of folklore Folklore - oral folk art Proverbs Sayings Songs Tongue twisters Counting books Fairy tales Epics Riddles Nursery rhymes Ditties
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Epic genres in folklore epics tales legends songs of a narrative nature
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Epic The term epic was assigned to epic tales and epic songs in the mid-19th century; Previously they were called antiquities, less often - antiques. An epic is a unique, purely Russian genre of folk epic, which tells about heroes, folk heroes and real historical events, composed in Ancient Rus', reflecting historical reality, mainly in the 11th – 16th centuries.
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Epics are works of art, and therefore they are characterized by fiction. For epics, it is not the truth of an individual fact that is important, but the truth of life. Therefore, in epics there is no accuracy in reproducing historical events, dates, names, and geographical names.
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Performing epics Not everyone could perform epics. The storytellers were especially talented people with excellent memories. Usually the honorable task of telling an epic was entrusted to elderly people, from 60-65 years old, with extensive life experience. In Ancient Rus', storytellers enjoyed honor and respect; their skill in performing epics was often passed on from parents to children and was the property of the family. Taking over the gift of a storyteller from their father, remembering the plots of epics and coming up with something new was a great happiness for the young. Many listeners always gathered around the storytellers, who experienced the stories of the heroes with trepidation and great attention. Epic poems were especially often performed on long winter evenings, when there was a lull in peasant life. The epics were not sung, but spoken - pronounced in recitative. The song sounded slowly, smoothly, in a sing-song manner. Recitative is melodious speech in a vocal musical work, chanting
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Epic storytellers M.D. Krivopolenova T.G. Ryabinin Collector of epics P.N. Rybnikov Sisters Kryukov
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Zaonezhsky poetess Irina Andreevna Fedosova 1827 -1899. Near the lake, a plank fence has rotted. On the mountain there is a diversity of wooden crosses. Sing, Irina Andreevna, light of Fedosova! Sing about the peasants of the Olonets province. R. Rozhdestvensky
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Born in Zaonezhye, in the village of Garnitsy, Sennogubsky churchyard, he lost his parents early. He was raised by the peasant world. He adopted the epics from his old fellow villager Ivan Agapitov and kept them in his memory all his life. I learned a lot of epics from Ilya Elustafyev. In 1860, the famous collector P.N. Rybnikov recorded the first epics from the storyteller. In total, he recorded 23 texts. In 1871, another scientist A.F. Hilferding recorded 19 plots (21 texts). Ryabinin was invited to perform in St. Petersburg and was awarded a silver medal.
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Composition of the epic Beginning (initial, introductory part of the work) - the time and place of action are indicated here, the characters discussed in the epic are named Main part - a description of the hero is given, his unusual behavior is shown, the responsible assignment that is given to him is spoken of Conclusion - sums up everything that has been said, once again praising the exploits or deeds of the main character of the epic
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Novgorod Sadko, Mikula Selyaninovich Vladimir-Suzdal Ilya Muromets Kiev 10-11 centuries Alyosha Popovich and Dobrynya Nikitich Periods of development of epics
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Classification of epics by content Epics of heroic content (epics about Ilya Muromets, Dobrynya Nikitich, etc.) Social epics (epics about Sadko, Vasily Buslaev, etc.) Epics of magical and fairy-tale content (there are a few of them: “Sunflower Kingdom”, “Untold dream") Epics close to historical songs Epics of a parody nature
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Artistic features of epics In the text of the epic we find signs of real Russian antiquity. There are few descriptions in epics, but they perform important artistic functions: they give credibility to the story, express the author’s likes and dislikes, and complement the image of the hero. The narration in epics is interrupted by dialogue, the purpose of which is to emphasize what distinguishes and glorifies the hero, and fully reveals his heroic essence. “Saying” (singing intonation) Hyperbolization - exaggeration of the main features, qualities of heroes, life phenomena associated with them (the hero’s club weighs forty, and sometimes ninety pounds, the horse carries the hero “higher than a standing forest, just below a walking cloud,” etc. )
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Artistic features of epics Repetitions Constant epithets (a beautiful maiden, a pure field, a good horse, etc.) Synonyms Comparisons Diminutive and increasing suffixes Techniques of contrast (a hero and a monster enemy) and antithesis (the hero acts contrary to advice and warnings). Use of recitatives Lack of rhyme
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Bylinas talk about invincible Russian heroes; this is also true. Glorifying the heroes, the defenders of the Motherland, the epics called for feats for the glory of the fatherland, raising the spirit of the people in difficult times of testing. The epics also tell about the defeats of Russian heroes in battles with enemies.
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Bogatyrs “Elder” “Younger” are the embodiment of the elements, the heroes are closer to the titanic forces that gave people Ilya Muromets the outlines of a human image, but still Dobrynya Nikitich remained the power of the world Alyosha Popovich Svyatogor Volkh Vseslavevich Mikhailo Potyk
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Epics “Volga and Mikula Selyaninovich”
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K.A. Vasiliev “Volga and Mikula” “Volga’s Sword”
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From the history of the epic The epic about Volga and Mikula is from Novgorod. Researchers attribute its origin to the 14th – 15th centuries. The proof is the meaning of the epic: Novgorod recognized only those decisions of the Kyiv prince that were liked by the Novgorodians. Also Sun. Miller considers the picture of plowing as evidence of the origin of the epic. It was in the northern principalities that the soil, after clearing the forest, was strewn with roots that needed to be uprooted.
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Explain the meaning of the outdated words: Guzhiki A loop in a clamp that fastens the shaft to the arc Damask steel Made of damask steel - ancient, hard and elastic steel with a patterned surface Morocco Thin and soft goat or sheep leather, specially dressed and dyed in a bright color Solovy About the color of horses; yellowish (in combination with a light tail and light mane)
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Prince Volga Svyatoslavovich Prince Volga is of extraordinary origin. He is the son of the princess and Zmey Gorynych. He inherited magical abilities from his father, “he wanted a lot of wisdom.” Volga uses these opportunities for good deeds. But the plowman surpasses even such a man in power and valor.
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Where do you think the hero got his name - Mikula Selyaninovich? What does it mean? Mikula means Nikolai in modern times, and Selyaninovich means that he is a peasant, that is, he lives in a village. He just emphasizes this: yes, I am a simple peasant plowman (oratay), not a prince, not a warrior and not a hero). Village comes from the word to settle on land, a certain territory.
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Read the description of Mikula's appearance. The portrait shows the authors' desire to decorate the appearance of their beloved hero: he is dressed not like a peasant for work, but like a boyar. “The Oratay has green morocco boots” - these are the shoes of very rich and noble people, like the caftan of black velvet. “Look at your heels with an awl, your noses are sharp, Here a sparrow will fly under your heel, Roll an egg around your nose.” A high and thin heel is like an awl; pointed, high-turned toe
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What does the nameless author of the epic emphasize in the guise of Mikula Selyaninovich? (Physical strength, brave prowess, hard work, patience.) What is the portrait of the as yet unknown hero? (An idealized image of the folklore “good fellow.”) What can you say about the clothing of this character? Could an ancient Russian plowman have been dressed like this: “The orata has green morocco boots... The orata has a down hat...”? Of course not. Where did this appearance of the hero of the work come from? (Perhaps a later exaggeration, a desire to show the hero’s external beauty as best as possible.)
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How is not the external, transitory, but the internal, spiritual beauty of Mikula Selyaninovich shown? Read the conversation between the prince and the plowman. What can we say about the mind and education of the “simple peasant”? Does Oratai boast of its strength and importance? How does he demonstrate to the prince and his squad that his work is more important than the “labor” of the tax collectors? Read this passage. Why do ordinary villagers respect Mikula Selyaninovich? (For hard work, hospitality, self-esteem and kindness.) Why does Prince Volga Svyatoslavich respect Mikula Selyaninovich? (3a physical strength, skill, hard work, self-esteem and kindness.)
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What characterization could you give to the Russian hero? a man of remarkable strength, an ideal of morality, a true patriot of the motherland, living in its interests
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An epic hero is a hero of an epic who acts in real historical time, has extraordinary physical strength, military valor and wisdom.
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What is the main idea of the epic? (The main value on Earth is a working man, in a figurative sense - a plowman. Only a person who creates something new and necessary for people deserves respect. The state and the authorities in the person of the prince and his squad must respect, protect and protect the plowman man, since without there will be no state itself, there will be no villages and cities, simply no grain will be born.)
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Epic "Ilya Muromets and the Nightingale the Robber"
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Palekh illustration Lubok picture
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Vladimir-Suzdal period Epics dedicated to the peasant Ilya from Murom and Dobrynya Nikitich reflected the processes associated with the formation and flourishing of Kievan Rus, when life far from the capital of the state was filled with many dangers. The main feature of the epic heroes of this period is love for their native land. They are distinguished not only by their incredible strength, nobility, and courage, but also by their desire to observe all established customs.
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There lived a peasant in the Kizhi volost...
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EPICS about Ilya Muromets The first exploits of Ilya Muromets. Ilya Muromets and Tsar Kalin. Svyatogor and Ilya Muromets. Three trips of Ilya Muromets. Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber. Fight between Ilya Muromets and his son.
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You are offered a plan of the structural parts of the epic. Based on it, make a quotation plan for the work. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Departure of Ilya Muromets for Kyiv Victory in the first battle The story of the Chernigov residents about the Nightingale the Robber Meeting with the Nightingale the Robber Victory of Ilya Muromets The meeting of Ilya Muromets with Prince Vladimir The story Ilya Muromets Doubts of Prince Vladimir Two orders to the Nightingale the Robber Reprisal against the Nightingale the Robber
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Quote plan 1. “A distant, portly, good fellow was leaving” 2. “...he beat this whole great force” 3. “The Nightingale the Robber is sitting on a damp oak tree” 4. “The Nightingale whistled like a nightingale” 5. “He knocked out the right eye with a pigtail" 6. "Then Vladimir the Prince began to question the young man" 7. "And I was driving along the straight path" 8. "In your eyes, man, you're playing tricks" 9. "You whistle at half the whistle of a nightingale" 10. “And he cut off his violent head”
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Who did Ilya Muromets fight with? The image of the Nightingale the Robber was associated among the people with the main enemy of the ancient Slavs - the Tatar-Mongol horde.
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What folklore work is the epic close in composition to? Fairy tale Epic Similarities: 1. Both fairy tales and epics existed in oral form. 2. Both genres have existed since ancient times. Differences: 1. A fairy tale is a prosaic, artistic fantasy story of a magical or everyday nature. 2. The main feature of a fairy tale is fiction. 3. Fairy tales are created in prose form. 4. Fairy tales were “told.” 1. Description of the exploits of heroes (epics are called heroic epics). 2. The epic is not characterized by an accurate transmission of historical facts; it captures historical reality in generalized images. 3. Epic poems have a song-like form. 4. The epics “said” - they sang or spoke, accompanied by the harp.
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Russian epic heroes
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Ancient Rus' is a historical period covering the period of time from the 9th to the 13th centuries. This period is called Kievan Rus because the main city at that time was Kyiv. Ancient Rus' occupied the territory of modern Ukraine, part of the Krasnodar region, part of the Volga region and part of the lands in the north between the Baltic Sea and two lakes - Ladoga and Onega. Physical map of Ancient Rus'...
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Ancient Rus'
Political map of Ancient Rus'
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This was the capital of Ancient Rus'... Model of the central part of Kyiv
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The whole world of ancient Russian life is revealed in epics. Their main character is a hero, a defender of the people. The heroes had enormous physical strength. So it was said about the beloved Russian hero Ilya Muromets: “Wherever he turns, there are streets, wherever he turns, there are alleys.” At the same time, he was a very peace-loving hero who took up arms only when absolutely necessary. As a rule, the bearer of such irrepressible power is a native of the people, a peasant son. The people's heroes also possessed enormous magical power, wisdom, and cunning. People's memory has preserved the image of heroes who came not only from the peasant environment - the boyar's son Dobrynya Nikitich, the cunning and resourceful representative of the clergy Alyosha Popovich. Each of them had its own character, its own characteristics, but they were all exponents of people's aspirations, thoughts, and hopes. And the main one was the defense of Rus' from fierce enemies.
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In the epic images of enemies one can also discern the real foreign policy opponents of Rus', the fight against which has deeply entered the consciousness of the people. Under the name of Tugarin one can see a generalized image of the Polovtsians with their khan Tugorkan, the struggle with whom took an entire period in the history of Rus' in the last quarter of the 11th century. Under the name “Zhidovina” is Khazaria, whose state religion was Judaism. Russian epic heroes faithfully served the epic prince Vladimir. They fulfilled his requests for the defense of the Fatherland; he turned to them at crucial times. The relationship between the heroes and the prince was not easy. There were grievances and misunderstandings here. But all of them - both the prince and the heroes - ultimately decided on one common cause - the cause of the people. Scientists have proven that the name of Prince Vladimir does not necessarily mean Vladimir I. This image combines the generalized image of Vladimir Svyatoslavich - a warrior against the Pechenegs, and Vladimir Monomakh - the defender of Rus' from the Polovtsians, and the appearance of other princes - brave, wise, cunning. And the more ancient epics reflected the legendary times of the struggle of the Eastern Slavs with the Cimmerians, Sarmatians, Scythians, with all those whom the steppe so generously sent to conquer the East Slavic lands. These were old heroes of very ancient times, and the epics telling about them are akin to the epic of Homer, the ancient epic of other European and Indo-European peoples.
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Origin of epics
The epics got their name from the words “byl”, “it was”. In them, unknown ancient authors talked about events that really happened: about battles with enemies, about the victories of Russian soldiers. The epics did not develop by themselves, without authors. They were composed by talented people, but not recorded.
The epics arose during the times of Kievan Rus. At that time, nomads often attacked Kievan Rus. Among the defenders there were those who stood out for their courage and daring. These are heroes. They loved their native land, stood guard over its borders, at any moment of danger they came to the aid of their people, saving them from humiliation and ruin.
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Painting by V. Vasnetsov “Bayan”
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Cycles of epics
All epics are divided into two cycles: Kyiv and Novgorod. In Kyiv, the actions take place in Kyiv or near it, Prince Vladimir stands in the center, heroes defend the Russian land from nomads, the main characters are Ilya Muromets, Dobrynya Nikitich and Alyosha Popovich. In Novgorod epics, the main character is the Novgorod hero Sadko, he is engaged in trade, making Rus' rich.
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The difference between epic heroes and fairy tale heroes
Fairy tale heroes differ from epic heroes. Fairy tale heroes always use magic. They perform all their actions for the sake of themselves or their family, and the heroes initially have enormous power and are the defenders of the entire Russian people.
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The meaning and origin of the word “hero”
This word has several meanings: Hero of Russian epics and fairy tales. Defender of the homeland, a warrior distinguished by extraordinary strength, courage, and daring. Tall, well built, strong man. An extraordinary, outstanding person (figurative) According to linguists, the word “hero” is derived from the word “rich man” - a rich person.
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What ancient Russian warriors looked like Every warrior in Ancient Rus' had to have special clothing, protective equipment and military weapons.
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Elements of clothing and military weapons of ancient Russian warriors
A helmet is a metal headdress that protects the head. Chain mail is a protective shirt made of steel rings. -Shield is a rounded metal board that protects from arrows in battle. The sword is an ancient stabbing and chopping weapon in the form of a double-edged straight blade with a hilt. A spear is a piercing or piercing-cutting bladed weapon (a long wooden stick with a metal tip). A mace is a wooden or metal club with protrusions. A saber is a bladed weapon that looks like a curved strip of steel, with a hilt and a sheath. -Bow is a throwing weapon designed to shoot arrows. -Arrows are a bow projectile consisting of a thin wooden shaft and a metal or bone tip. Quiver-case for arrows. The club is an ancient weapon, a heavy club with a thickened end.
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Chainmail
Chain mail was made from metal rings that were riveted or welded together. In the 10th-11th centuries it took the form of a long-skirted shirt with short sleeves. Since the 12th century, the appearance of chain mail has changed; it has long sleeves, and to protect the neck and shoulders - a chain mail mesh aventail. The chain mail weighed 6-12 kilograms. It is curious that when modern craftsmen began to make chain mail, it turned out that they were made quite quickly.
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An ancient Russian foot warrior in a helmet with protection for the face and neck, in chain mail, with a spear and shield. The picture on the right shows a quiver with arrows.
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On the left is an ancient Russian warrior in a helmet with a protective net for the neck. On the right is an ancient Pecheneg (a type of Turkic people) wearing a helmet and a protective neck collar.
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On the left is a sculptural image of an ancient warrior, on the right is a drawing depicting a Russian mounted warrior-archer (the main weapon for him is a bow) of the 13th century
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Three types of ancient Russian troops - a horseman with a spear, an archer and a foot warrior (he did not have a horse)
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This is how artists represent epic heroes. In the middle is an illustration by I. Bilibin “The Knight at the Crossroads.” On the right is a reproduction of M. Vrubel’s painting “The Bogatyr”
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Painting by V. Vasnetsov “Heroic Leap”, 1914
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There are also modern images of heroes...
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You can find this image on the Internet...
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Going into battle, ancient Russian warriors carried banners and standards with them; they protected their faces with a special metal mask; at first it protected only the upper part, but from the end of the 12th century, helmets with face masks appeared that completely covered the warrior’s face. They were called faces because they usually had the shape of the face of a person or a mythical creature.
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The battle of Russian soldiers with enemies
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Russian epic heroes fought with enemies, they were monsters or evil and treacherous people. The most famous of the monsters is the many-headed snake, often with three heads - the Serpent Gorynych
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Old Russian warriors fought with the invaders of the southern lands, defended the borders of Rus' in the west... Heroic epic songs were composed about particularly distinguished brave men, glorifying the exploits of Russian heroes.
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Painting by V. Vasnetsov “Duel of Peresvet with Chebubey” (Duel of Peresvet with Chebubey on the Kulikovo Field in 1380).
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The most famous heroes: Dobrynya Nikitich, Ilya Muromets and Alyosha Popovich. Reproduction of the painting “Bogatyrs” (“Three Bogatyrs”) by V. Vasnetsov
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From the history of the creation of the painting
Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov (1848-1926) – Russian artist. He came from a family where several generations were priests. He studied at the Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg. In his work he relied on the traditions of ancient Russian art. He created genre and lyrical paintings. He was the author of epic works on topics of Russian history, Russian epics and fairy tales. He also worked in the field of architecture. Among the artist’s best works are “Bogatyrs”, “After the Massacre”, “Alyonushka”, “Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich the Terrible”, paintings of the Vladimir Cathedral in Kyiv, the church in Abramtsevo. Before starting to create the famous painting “Bogatyrs,” he carefully studied epics and spent a long time collecting material that would allow him to truthfully portray the heroes. Looking at the picture, we see the living history of Rus'. Vasnetsov worked for about 20 years to create the canvas.
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Bogatyrs in the painting by V. Vasnetsov
The average hero is Ilya Muromets. He is the eldest of the heroes. Ilya intensely peers into the distance: will the enemy appear somewhere? A forty-pound club hangs on his hand. In his other hand he has a shield and a spear. He is no longer young, but still very strong. His horse is heroic, black in color. The horse stands calmly and waits for an order. On the right hand of Ilya Muromets is Dobrynya Nikitich. He is from a richer family, and his shield is richer, and his chain mail is more expensive, and his gaze is intent and decisive. Below him is a white horse, its nostrils flaring, apparently sensing the enemy and is ready to carry its rider. Alyosha Popovich is the youngest hero. He looks slyly and slyly. In his left hand he has a bow, and on his right hand there are vernal (sonorous) goslings. He is a warrior and a psaltery player. Cunning, brave, courageous. He knows how to sing songs and knows how to fight.
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Kyiv cycle of epics about Ilya Muromets
The main character of these epics is the peasant Ilya from Murom. Hence his nickname - Muromsky. Having acquired miraculous power from the wandering magi, he goes to serve Prince Vladimir in Kyiv, performing amazing feats for the glory of Rus'. In these epics you can see pictures of the life of Ancient Rus' (Kievan Rus), it was very difficult and full of dangers. The main feature of the epic heroes of this period is love for their native land. They are distinguished not only by their incredible strength, nobility, and courage, but also by their desire to observe all established customs.
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Artist - Mikhail Shemarov from Palekh
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Painting by V. Vasnetsov “The Baptism of Rus'”. In the center is Prince Vladimir
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Ilya Muromets Still from the cartoon “Ilya Muromets and the Nightingale the Robber”
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Still from the feature film “Ilya Muromets”
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Image of Ilya Muromets
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“Ilya Muromets”, linocut by artist Evgeny Shitikov
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Dobrynya Nikitich Still from the cartoon “Dobrynya Nikitich”
Russian epics in the works of artists at the turn of the 19th-20th centuriesMUNICIPAL BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
Sasovo secondary school SCHOOL No. 6
Russian epics
in the works of artists
at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries
Literature Project
Throughout Rus', simple people of heroes
loves, glorifies and honors, rye bread with
shares it, plants it in the red corner and sings
songs about glorious deeds - about how
The heroes protect and protect their native Rus'!
The work was completed by:
class students
.
Scientific supervisor: Russian teacher
language and literature
.
Plan
1. Introduction2) Literature research on this topic
3) Russian epics in works
artists at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries
4) Conclusion
5) List of used literature
Introduction
Objective of the project:to form among educational participants
process a holistic idea of Russian epics through
works of artists of the 19th-20th centuries.
Tasks:
1) Study the literature on this issue;
2) Compare the works of artists of the 19th-20th centuries with epics.
Object of study:
works of literature (Russian
epics) and painting (paintings by Vasnetsov, Roerich, Bilibin,
works by Konenkov).
Subject of study:
connection between epics and Russian paintings
painters.
Relevance.
Recently, the interest of modern society in historical
the past of their people, hence the interest in all folklore and epics in
in particular. People are the most susceptible to all phenomena in our lives
creative professions. These include artists of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
The paintings of these painters most vividly and accurately reflect the images created
by the people.
Literature research on this topic
Russian epics- is an integral part of culture, priceless
evidence of the historical memory of the people. They are the embodiment of ideas
about the ideal and the typical, about good and evil, tragedy and comedy, truth and
false. What is an epic?
Bylina
is a folk epic song, a genre characteristic of
Russian tradition. The basis of the plot of the epic is some
a heroic event, or a remarkable episode of Russian history. The very word "epic"
directly points to
the concept of "true". But this
doesn't prove
reality
used in the genre
stories and their characters.
The point is that in
this reality was believed
up to a certain point
time and ourselves
storytellers and their
listeners. Initially
under the epic
implied
story about
valid
incidents,
only later
overgrown
fantastic
And
details. People often confuse epics with
fairy tales It's really difficult
clearly separate these two genres. Their
the main difference is
attitude of the narrator (singer,
storyteller) to his work.
A fairy tale is initially wonderful
fiction.
Bylina - a story about antiquity,
when things could happen
truly absolutely incredible.
Artists' appeal to the epic theme
Masters of the Silver Age – Viktor Vasnetsov,Mikhail Vrubel, Nicholas Roerich, Ivan Bilibin,
Ilya Repin – created images, limited
embodying truly popular ideals of Good,
Beauty, Courage and Love that were transmitted
from generation to generation in oral works
folk art. Their paintings are accurate in detail,
poetic and at the same time surprisingly real.
They display miracles and magical heroes
as alive as they were perceived in
the old days, as every child imagines them.
Russian epics in the works of artists
What attracted artists to epics?The works of the Russian people are very
interesting, and they could undoubtedly attract
the attention of painters. After all, it doesn't matter
similar Russian nature, majestic
images of heroes, their vestments... Which
the artist would not want to depict it the way
does he imagine it? Another thing is that
need to
be
truly
brilliant
painter to depict what they had in
mind the narrators of these works. AND
therefore, it is not enough to just be good
to be a painter, you have to be to some extent
a historian, so that not superficially, but deeply
understand the essence of the Russian people and correctly
display everything he wrote on canvas.
Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov
One of the greatest masters of the fairy tale genre in world paintingis Viktor Mikhailovich Vasnetsov. He began his work as
artist-writer. Vasnetsov’s attention to the life of the people, his
People's dreams also helped to feel everyday needs,
realized in fairy tales and epics. In 1882 created "The Knight at the Crossroads". The artist depicted the twilight
steppe, a former battlefield with bones scattered across it. It's burning out
evening dawn. Stands warningly at the crossroads of three roads
prophet stone. Immersed in deep thought stopped in front of him
knight. In the image of a knight at a crossroads, Vasnetsov depicted himself, his
difficult thoughts about the future The main work of the painter is “Bogatyrs”, created on
throughout the 10th anniversary, - an example of boundless love for the Motherland,
selfless service to the Fatherland, always relevant for new
generations lesson of patriotism. “Bayan” (1910) is one of the artist’s significant works. Bayan is the name of the singer from “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign”, but the artist did not
connects his hero with the character of a particular work and
creates a collective image of the epic singer. Sounds in the picture
the theme of the unity of the singer and the squad, their spiritual connection. Panoramic
wide Russian expanses is perceived as a collective
the image of native nature and sounds symbolic. Above the standing forest “Heroic Leap” - that’s what Vasnetsov called the painting,
symbolizing the strength of the Russian warrior-hero (1914). Not a man like
beast, and the beast hung over
world, multi-headed
the monster is a symbol of evil.
“Fight of Dobrynya” is going on
Nikitich with seven heads
Zmeem Gorynych"
(1918) which
symbolizes struggle
light and dark forces.
The fiery colors are alarming
sunset
Sergei Timofeevich Konenkov
Famous Russian (Soviet) artist and sculptor. They called him"hero of Russian sculpture." Images come to life in the master’s work
epics and peasant beliefs. They are carved from the original Russian
material - wood. Konenkov revived the tree in Russian sculpture,
revealed its rich decorative possibilities
Lesovik (1910)
Eruslan Lazarevich (1913) Stribog
Sirin Nicholas Konstantinovich Roerich
The heroic theme is also reflected in the works of Nikolai
Konstantinovich Roerich. His “Heroic Frieze” (of 7 parts
Three compositions are presented at the exhibition: “Bayan”, “Mikula”
Selyaninovich”, “Vityaz”) combines history and poetry. These canvases
were carefully preserved in besieged Leningrad; similar
works helped the people to withstand the difficult times of war and
are the most valuable spiritual heritage of our country. The central place of the “Bogatyr Frieze” is occupied by “SADKO”.
It depicts the boats of the Novgorod hero Sadko, who knew how to
engage in trade, and amuse the king of the sea with the harp. Name of this
hero is consonant with the ancient biblical name “Zadok”, that is
righteous, just. Accordion
Knight
Thanks to the multi-layered painting, a wealth of different
shades of color. The blue underpainting is not completely recorded. In many places he
forms a kind of wide contour around the depicted objects and
perceived as a deep shadow. Luminosity of the palette and blue contours
create a special figurative feeling of volume.
Individual details in the panel are also made taking into account the features
monumental painting. For example, flowers and herbs are ornamental
pattern and somewhat conventional in color. And all this is subordinated to the single goal of creating a monumental and decorative image.
Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin
In miniature painting he managed to convey epically powerfulimages of Russian heroes - Ilya Muromets, Volga
Vseslavyevich, Mikula Selyaninovich, Svyatogor. In 1913, the artist designed the opera production of M. Glinka “Ruslan and
Lyudmila." Bilibin's talent also manifested itself in his theatrical productions of
motives of Russian epics. Practical part
During our research, we conducted a survey among
students of MBOU secondary school No. 6 in grades 8-9. We wanted to know
What do students know about Russian epics? The survey consisted of 4
questions:
1) What is an epic?
2) Which artists depicted the heroes of epics in their
paintings, you know?
3) The name of the paintings depicting Russian heroes
epic
4) How does an epic differ from a fairy tale? Survey results
1) Students who know the answer to the first question (“What
Is this an epic?"):
Exactly: 8 people;
Approximately: 28 people;
Don't know: 38 people.
10,8%
51,4%
37,8%2) They know the answer to the second question (“Which artists who depicted
heroes of epics in their paintings, they know"):
Know one: 13 people;
Two: 2 people;
Don't know at all: 59 people.
17%
3%);
80%3) They know the answer to the third question (“The names of the paintings, on
which the heroes of Russian epics are depicted"):
1 picture: 27 people (%)
2 paintings: 5 people(%)
3 paintings: 1 person(%)
don’t know: 41 people (%)
36,4%
55,4%
1,4%)
6,7%4) Know the answer to the fourth question (“The difference between
epic and fairy tale"):
Exactly: 5 people
Approximately 32 people
don't know: 37 people
6,7%
50%)
43,2%
Conclusion
Wonderful painters, wonderful illustrators andsculptors left a great artistic heritage, in which
told about what their penetrating eyes saw, what they absorbed
their sensitive and delicate souls. Everyone can set themselves
question: Is it good that when reading works of Russian folk
creativity in front of us, their pictures involuntarily emerge, or
Would it be better to create these images in your head yourself?
We think that illustrations for epics are in no way suitable for us.
interfere, but only help to recreate everything in your imagination
written. This is useful not so much for adults as for
children who find it easier to perceive a particular work,
by looking at a painting or sculpture depicting his heroes.
List of used literature
1. Epics of the North. Notes from A.M. Astakhova. M. - L., 1938–1951, vols. 1–22. Ukhov P.D. Epics. M., 1957
3. Propp V.Ya., Putilov B.N. Epics. M., 1958, vol. 1–2
4. Astakhova A.M. Epics. Results and problems of the study. M. – L., 1966
5. Ukhov P.D. Attribution of Russian epics. M., 1970
6. Ancient Russian poems collected by Kirsha Danilov. M., 1977
7. Azbelev S.N. Historicism of epics and the specificity of folklore. L., 1982
8. Astafieva L.A. The plot and style of Russian epics. M., 1993
9. Propp V.Ya. Russian heroic epic. M., 199910.
10. Dictionary of literary terms
11. Universal scientific and popular encyclopedia Around the World
12. Website “Network of Creative Teachers”
