Presentation "Sophia Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya" in mathematics - project, report. Sophia Kovalevskaya: a new era in science Presentation about Sofa Kovalevskaya
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Sophia Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya Years of Life (January 3, 1850 - January 29, 1891) Did you have ... I had to do it every time, aimlessly meaning the crowd to walk and suddenly some song of passionate chance to hear sounds? The memory of the previous years, unexpected wave smelled of you, and something cute, native in the soul responded in response. S.V. Kovalevskaya
Born Corvin-Krukovskaya - Rod. In Moscow in 1850, the mind. In Stockholm in 1891 her father, Lieutenant-General of artillery, according to the first teacher Kovalevskaya, I. I. Malevich, loved mathematics and wished to make her daughter also dealt with this subject. Her mother was the granddaughter of the famous Astronoma of Schubert. Corvin-Krukovsky, on family legends, came from the Hungarian king Matthew Corvin, the enlightened patron of science; Thus, the love of Sofia to the sciences was as if hereditary.
The first years of her childhood was held in Moscow under the exceptional influence of nanny, and then in Kaluga, where her father was transferred to the service, she began to learn from the French governess. Having resigned, her father settled her in the estate and soon the education system has changed. Was, a teacher, I. I. Malevich, and the Englishwoman. Malevich, although he received only secondary education, but was an experienced teacher. His classes did not disappear for nothing and him, according to Kovalevskaya, she is obliged to their first serious knowledge in mathematics.
Living about the mathematical talent of Sophia Kovalevskaya walked legends: some said that her brain was arranged differently and weighs more than that of ordinary mortals; Others argued that the genes of ingenious scientists were told in it. And only the closest people knew that the scientific work of Sofia was for her sometimes only the replacement of love ... But this forced sacrifice was inconsistent. After recognizing the merit of Kovalevskoy, few of the scientists of her husbands were taken to say that talent and genius is a secondary male penis. Lost the relevance and statements by the English philosopher Herbert Spencer, that the woman and mathematics are "two things are incompatible."
"My glory deprived me of ordinary female happiness ... why no one can love me? I could give more to your beloved person than many women, why love the most minor, and only no one loves me? " Meanwhile, Kovalevskaya wrote:
"Princess of Sciences", as Kovalev's Mathematics Friends called, for their short, but bright life, denied many arguments of men. Much had a lot of happened to survive: scientific glory and literary recognition, and in personal life - dislike, unpleasuracy, doubts, dissatisfaction with themselves and loneliness. Being a woman, she perfectly understood that in life the feelings mean much more. But her mathematical mind, who endowed with the highest accuracy, what true love should be, did not allow her to enjoy another love, for example, to make feelings and care of others without personal reciprocity.
Kovalevskaya's path in mathematics was a ternist, like anyone else, for the simple reason that she was ... a woman. In order to just be able to get higher educationShe had to conclude a fictitious marriage with an unloved man, which she was very painful, and who later considered a big mistake. But only in this way she was able to leave the parental home - first to St. Petersburg, and then abroad.
From 1866, in St. Petersburg, Sophia took the lessons of higher mathematics at the famous teacher A. N. Strannolyubsky. Not looking at the prohibitions of the highest "female" education, she achieved permission to listen to the lectures of I. M. Sechenov and engage in anatomy at V. L. Gruder at the Military Medical Academy. In 1869 he left for Germany, where he studied mathematics and attended the lectures of the German scientists of Kirchhoff, Helmholtz, du-buwa Reimon. Since 1870, for four years, World Weierstrass, who gave her private lessons, was worked for four years. University of Berlin University was not allowed. In July 1874, she in absentia, without formal protection, on the basis of three mathematical works submitted by Weierstrass, was awarded the degree of doctor of philosophy in mathematics and a master of elegant arts "with the highest praise." Three excellent work was enough to forgive "Sony's belonging to the weak floor."
About the prisoner, "certified" Kovalevskaya rushed to his homeland to teach mathematics in St. Petersburg. However, it was not possible to receive a place not only at the university, but even at the highest female courses, after which almost 6 years had moved away from scientific work. In 1879, on the proposal, Mathematics P. L. Chebyshev, on the VI Congress of Russian Naturalists and Doctors, Kovalevskaya read a report on Abelian integrals. In the spring of 1880, in search of work, she moved to Moscow, but at Moscow University, she was also not allowed to pass master exams. Having lost hope of being a useful homeland, she left the country, having left Berlin, and then to Paris.
Stockholm University. Attempts to Kovalevskoy to get a place of professor at the top women's courses in France also did not have success. And she returned to Russia again. At the VII Congress of Russian Naturalists and Doctors in 1883, Kovalevskaya reported to work "On the refraction of light in crystals", which was met by "Hurray", but did not follow proposals for work ... and only in 1883 justice triumphed. Sophia Kovalevskaya received an invitation to take the position of Privat-Association at the University of Stockholm and drove into Sweden. In the summer of 1884, she was appointed Professor to the University of Stockholm and forces of twelve lecture courses for eight years, including the course of mechanics.
In 1888, Kovalevskaya was written by the work "The task of rotating a solid body around the fixed point". After Euler and Lagrange, Kovalevskaya first advanced ahead of the solution of this task, finding a new case of rotation is not quite a symmetric gyroscope when the task solution is communicated to the end. In the same year, the Paris Academy of Sciences for this work was awarded the Kovalevskiy Bordene Prize, increased due to the great value of this work. Next year, for the second work on the rotation of a solid, she was awarded to the Prize of the Swedish Academy of Sciences. Kovalevskaya received world recognition as a scientist.
This is what the COVALEVSKOVSKY COFICS KOVALOVSKY itself: "The results exceeded my expectations. All the works were about fifteen, but my decent prize was recognized as mine. But this is not enough. Due to the fact that the same topic was asked for three times in a row and each time remained unanswered, and by virtue of the importance of the results achieved by me, the Academy decided to increase the appointed initial award and the amount of 3000 francs to increase to 5000 francs. After that, an envelope was opened, and everyone learned that I was the author of this work. I was immediately notified, and I went to Paris to attend the meeting of the Academy of Sciences appointed on this occasion. I was taken extremely solemnly, planted next to the president who said a flattering speech, and in general I was shrouded with honors. "
In his book, "Memories and Letters" Sophia Kovalevskaya says: "I understand that you are so surprising that I can do literature and mathematics. Many who have never had a case more than recognize mathematics, mix it with arithmetic and consider it to science dry and fruitless. In essence, this is a science requiring the most fantasy, and one of the first mathematicians of our century says true that it is impossible to be a mathematician, without being at the same time and poet in the shower. "
Sophia, the day before his death, said that he would start writing a story "when there is no more death." Russian and foreign newspapers and magazines in memory of Sophia Kovalevskoy printed articles imbued with deep surprise to its abilities. From Stockholm to Russia came to correspondence with detailed description All honors designed to her in someone else's country. Living on a foreign land and serving another country, Sophia Kovalevskaya until the end of his days remained Russian and loved Russia ...
To the death of Sofia Kovalevskaya Farewell! With the glorus of yours, you will forever break with us, you will live in the memory of people with other glorious minds, as long as the wonderful star light from heaven to the ground will pour, and in the Song of Glocent Planets Ring Saturn does not eclipse Fritz Lefefler
Thanks for attention!
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1 slide. (Music sounds "among the world of flickering shining ...").
Her portrait hangs in mathematical cabinets of almost all secondary schools. She is the first woman-mathematician in Russia, who became a professor and received a degree. It so happened that he had to receive education, and she had to teach it abroad. Today we will talk about the dramatic fate of Sofia Kovalevskaya - our compatriot.
2 slide. (Video "In the lunar shiny snow silver ..." video.mail.ru/mail/herrmann06/573/558.html 1 verse with chorus)
3 slide.
The lady, it happened, everything tells me: "You will see, there will be a boy." But no, here are! - Girl was born. The lady so was upset that she did not want to look at her. She was born in the winter on January 3, 1850.
4 slide.
Sophia spent his childhood in Polybino. (Little Sophia passes on stage, playing the ball, twist Yula.)
5 slide.
(Sofya sits down at the table, turns on the lamp, lears the book)
She studied in the first grade and verbally solved the movement challenges, easily coped with the tasks of geometric content, easily removed square roots from numbers, performed actions with negative values, etc.
"What do you think?" - asked the girl.
"I do not think I think" - was her answer.
Going to bed, she took the course of algebra with him, and when everyone fell asleep, read her, near the night light.
6 slide.
Sophia: Praise only strengthened my determination to enter the university. However, there are at least two obstacles on the way to higher education.
The first was ... Paul: At that time, the entrance to domestic universities for girls was ordered. She had only one way out - to leave abroad.
For a trip abroad, you need a "residence permit." This document was issued only to married ladies.
Sophia: Everything is decided: I will marry fictitiously. I know, many do this. I will learn abroad.
(A cluster sounds the music of Waltz "Winter blizzard Like a friend ...". Waltz dance. On the second chorus gradually reduce the sound. Couple bow and leaves.)
Vladimir Onufrievich Kovalevsky was found as a groom for Sophia. (Comes out Kovalevsky, then Sophia). He was 26 years old, Sofary - 18. (Sophia and Kovalevsky lively talk, walk on stage) he struck the imagination of a young young lady. His life was more exciting any novel. He hit everyone with his memory, translated and published the books in which the advanced people of Russia needed. (Stop, say goodbye and diverge in different directions)
7 slide. (Video. "In the lunar radiance of early spring ..." video.mail.ru/mail/herrmann06/573/558.html 2 and 3 Pares couples. Vladimir and Sophia go towards each other before the scene. Vladimir takes Sophia to his arm. They walk around the hall. Going when 3 verses about the wedding begins)
8 slide.
In those years, women in the university were not allowed, especially for the Mathematical Faculty. But Sophia Vasilyevna was so persistent and purposeful, which was achieved that one of the largest mathematicians of the time Karl Weiershtrass proexed it to the right to be his private student.
9 slide. (Music sounds. "Her eyes are not similar to the stars ...". Weiershtrass puts the chair and sits in him, something leafs. By the end of the music, Sophia appears and refers to Weierstrass.)
Sophia: I am engaged in mathematics. I swear to you, it's not a joke.
Weiershtrass: You are too beautiful to do similar nonsense. This is the lot of old people and freaks.
Sophia: I went to you from Russia.
Weierstrass: I'll let you listen to my lectures, provided that you decide one task. I give you a period of two hours. (Gives her task)
Sophia: I am so grateful to you. (Goes out)
10 slide.
Weierstrass did not believe in the mathematical abilities of women and therefore, to free themselves from the annoying visitor, suggested her the most important tasks for checking. Professor was sure that the foreigner would no longer appear. What was his surprise when Sophia Kovalevskaya visited the Cabinet of the scientist and reported that the tasks decided. (Sophia enters and serves Weierstrasse a sheet with tasks)
Weierstrass: can not be. That's so miracle, because just a few minutes. I always said that the Russians are a mystery.
11 slide.
Wrought by success, Kovalevskaya seeks home to teach mathematics at the university. Twenty-year-old Sophia returns to his homeland. However, it does not leave literary creativity.
I had to do it every time,
Intelligently medium crowd walking
And suddenly some kind of song passionate
Accidentally sounds to hear?
For you an unexpected wave
Smelled the memory of the previous years.
And something cute, native
In the soul responded in response.
It seemed to you that these sounds
You as a child heard more than once.
So much happiness, bald, flour
In them reminiscent for you.
Have you hurried with usual hearing
Entry familiar to catch
I wanted you for every sound,
Each word to keep track.
12 slide.
Sophia Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya looked at his classes with mathematics not only as a personal matter, she wanted to open a new way to women and prove that they could also successfully engage in science.
13 slide. (Video "The laws of rotation of a solid body around a fixed point ... www.youtube.com/watch?v\u003dzkkk790ot0us)
14 slide.
I feel that it is intended to serve the truth - science, and lay a new way to women, because it means to serve justice.
If you are in life, although for a moment
Truth in his heart felt
If the ray of the truth through the darkness and doubt
Bright Siayan Your way Zaveril:
To solve your unchanged
Rock did not appoint you ahead -
Memory about this moment by the sacred
Always keep the shrine in the chest.
Clouds will be touched by the huge unrest
The sky will cover the black car
With clear determination, with faith calm,
Storm you go and die with a thunderstorm.
Returning to Russia, she was happy and full of hope. But soon the hopes were collapsed: she was not allowed to work at universities and even teaching on top women's courses, pennies remained from sofa inheritance. In the family collapse, she completely vinyl husband. Romantic feelings disappeared, as if they were not.
Vladimir Kovalevsky, who declared bankrupt, committed suicide. Before his death, Kovalevsky wrote in a unsent letter to his brother: "Write Sophier, that my always thought was about her and about how I am a lot to blame for her and how I ruined her life ...".
15 slide. (The topic of fate from the heroic symphony of Beethoven sounds. A man in a black cloak with a burning lantern runs along the stage, extinguits the lantern and puts it on the table. Gradually reduces the volume of music)
16 slide. (Music sounds. "I have risen love ...)
Shortly before death, she was in love, full of fun and life. The last attempt to find a loved one became a single-fachelor party and the famous sociologist Maxim Maksimovich Kovalevsky, in which a student of a scholar found a lonely Russian wanderer. Professor of law, smart and educated person.
17 slide. (Video "in the lunar shiny snow silver ..." video.mail.ru/mail/herrmann06/573/558.html Repetition 1 coupled with chorus)
18 Slide.
The life of Sofia suddenly blurted out a banal cold. At the end of January 1891, Sophia Vasilyevna, heavily cold, returned to Stockholm. February 10, she died from inflammation of the lungs. Her mysterious words: "Too much happiness"
19 slide.
"Sophia Vasilyevna! Thanks to your knowledge, your talent and your character you have always been and will be the glory of our homeland ... "
Flame and Dum,
Is your ship's aircraft stuck
To the country where your mind parked
Call truly obedient?
20 slide.
In that star world so often you
On the wings of thought flew,
When, leaving your dreams,
About the Mirozdana pledged ...
(By clicking, the final romance sounds "And if I feel hard on my heart ...". On loss, all speakers take turns go on stage and sing. On the second, the guys take turns in turn give a rose Sophier-girl (Sophia takes a rose, the couple goes away), Sophia-girl (Sophia takes a rose, the couple leaves back) and Sofary-Woman (Sophia takes a rose, the couple leaves the other way). All couples take turns gradually by the end of the romance diverge.)
And if my heart is hard
I have one looking for a response.
And because it is not necessary with it.
Not because it is light,
But because it's not necessary with her
Among the worlds flicker
One star I repeat the name
Not because I loved her
Not because I loved her
And because I'm dark with others.
21 slide. (Sonnet №130 sounds "Her eyes on the stars are not similar ...". All actors with the beginning of music take turns go to the center before the scene and bow. After the release of the latest protruders, everyone together is put together again and then also go away.)
Scenario "Sophia Kovalevskaya - Queen of Mathematics" is an example of using funds information technologies To create performances and theatrical settings for school subjects and extracurricular activities. The use of modern ICT is expanding the horizons of children, in the process of finding audiovisual materials for the presentation, instills them a good taste, develops design abilities, promotes the entertainment of the event and develop a kind of professional skills in the field of ICT. The performance provided on this scenario in our education center in the framework of the knowledge week was highly appreciated both by students and in an adult audience. This performance can be successfully shown at school events dedicated to March 8.
Slide 2.
Sophia Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya was born on January 15, 1850 in Moscow in the estate of Palibino Father: Vasily Vasilyevich Korvin-Krukovsky, General Mother: Elizaveta Fedorovna Corvin-Krukovskaya, man of art
Slide 3.
For two and a half years, she learned all the arithmetic, then the extensive course of algebra was studied and on the sixth year of training was mastered Sophia's geometry wanted to enter the university, but access to women in everything russian universities was closed. Higher education she could only get abroad.
Slide 4.
In order to continue his training abroad, Sophia in 1869 marries the nobleman Vladimir Onufrievich Kovalevsky
Slide 5.
Professor Carleodor Wilhelm Weierstrass Berlin University Sophia Kovalevskaya received higher education and even a scientific degree of Doctor. She became a celebrity in the field of mathematics.
Slide 6.
Universities Stockholm. Kovalevskaya in 1883 took the post of associate professor at the University of Stockholm. In Sweden, Sophia Vasilyevna not only reads lectures, but also conducts scientific work and is engaged in literature.
Slide 7.
"The task of rotating a solid is near the fixed point" in 1888, Sophia Kovalevskaya graduated from scientific work:
Slide 8.
P.L. Chebyshev in 1889 helped Kovalevskaya to become a member of the correspondent of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Slide 9.
On February 10, 1891, Sophia Vasilyevna died of inflammation of the lungs in Stockholm, she was the first woman-mathematician, a doctor of philosophy.
Slide 10.
Oh Mathematics Earth, be proud, beautiful, with all the sciences Mother is native, and they value they!
Slide 11.
Sophia Vasilyevna was born .. in 1950 in 1850 in 2050 I will verify your attention and memory
Slide 12.
In which country was she born? Russia Sweden Germany
Slide 13.
S. V. Kovalevskaya was ... Woman - Traveler Woman - Mathematician Woman - Cosmonaut
Slide 14.
In addition to mathematics, Kovalevskaya was keen on a painting of literature "Mathematics should be a poet in the soul" S. V. Kovalevskaya
Slide 15.
Kovalevskaya owned ... .. French, German, English, Swedish five languages \u200b\u200bThree languages \u200b\u200bin one language
Slide 16.
One of scientific work S.V. The Kovalevskoy problem on the rotation of the solid is near the fixed point of the rule of laws to determine the number of positive and negative roots of the equation of the problem of simple numbers.
Slide 17.
A pear is heavier than an apple, and an apple is heavier peach. What is heavier pear or peach? Initial page
Slide 18.
Decipher the words and name more superfluous: x and t about with l h and a t p p q m and i h i l o s t and x t o h to a
Slide 19.
Find the pattern and finish the numeric row: 0, 3, 8, 15 ,? 24.
Slide 20.
Read the words diameter vertex beam
Slide 21.
Calculate: 61.
Slide 22.
Tell me what is easier for me - 2 kilograms of fluff or 2 kilograms of iron? \u003d.
Slide 23.
School horoscope
Slide 24.
Gemini to achieve success in study, you need to try. Quarrels with friends will end. Seriously believing to your health. Smile. Your progress in study will be awarded. Taurus listen to the elders. You will have good marks if you learn lessons. There will be an interesting journey. Aries
Pupil 9 "A" class MBOU "SOSH No. 2" Abakan
Leader: Mathematics Teacher
War Natalia Viktorovna
Sophia Kovalevskaya:
new era
in science
"It was Kovalevskaya that was one of the first women, which in difficult conditions laid a deep-on-one path in those boundless fields of science, where only the leg of men began to go."
P.Ya. Polubarinova-Kochina
Purpose of work:
- Sophia Kovalevskaya opened a new era in science
Childhood
This amazing woman was born
January 3, 1850 in Moscow. Little Sonya grew up versatile developed, especially fascinated her mathematics.
A family
Father, Vasily Vasilyevich Korvin-Krukovsky, was a lieutenant-general of artillery.
Fictitious marriage
At 18, to leave the border and get a higher education, Sophia entered into a fictitious marriage with a young scientist-biologist Vladimir Kovalevsky.
The beginning of mathematical
careers
In 1869 he studied at the University of Heidelberg in Königsberger,
and from 1870 to 1874 at the University of Berlin at Weierstrass, which was interested in its mathematical dating and led by classes.
Scientific activity
The first work of Sofia Kovalevskaya: "On bringing some class of the Abelian integrals of the third rank to the Elliptical integrals", so she advanced the work of Laplace.
Winter 1873 and spring of 1874 Kovalevskaya dedicated research "to the theory of differential equations in private derivatives." She presented him as a doctoral dissertation, and she was awarded the degree of doctor of philosophy in mathematics.
Augusten Cauchy
Later, the work began to be called: "Kovalevsky-Cauchy theorem.
In 1878, Kovalevskaya is born a daughter called Sonya.
At this time, its literary and journalistic activities begins.
- "Memories of George Elliot" ("Russian Thought", 1886, No. 6);
- "Memories of childhood" ("Journal of Europe", 1890, № 7 and 8);
- "Three days at the Peasant University in Sweden" ("Sitting. Vestnik", 1890, No. 12);
- a posthumous poem ("Journal of Europe", 1892, No. 2).
- On January 30, 1884, Kovalevskaya read the first lecture at the University of Stockholm.
- On December 6, 1888, the Paris Academy informed Kovalevskaya that the Bordene award was awarded.
- She was awarded to the King Oscar II to a thousand five hundred kroons. Friends called her "Professor Sonya."
Social poll:
"Do you know who Sophia Kovalevskaya?"
Memory
In 2000, the Bank of Russia issued a memorable coin "150th anniversary of the birth of S.V. Kovalevskaya. "
Avers Reverse
Maintenance scientific works and literary creativity:
Mathematics
Cauchy theorem - Kovalevskaya "Differential equations in private derivatives";
"On the conduct of some class of abelian integrals of the third rank for elliptical integrals" and others.
"The rotation of the solid is around the fixed point";
"The refraction of light in crystals" and others.
Astronomy
"Saturn Rings Shape"
"Memolation of childhood" - 1889;
"Nihistka" - 1892. and etc.
"MARCIAN";
"I had to ...";
"If you are in life ..." and others.
Soul Flame and Duma!
Is your ship's aircraft stuck
Call of truth obedient?
In that star world so often you
On the wings of thought flew,
Where to go to your dreams,
About the universe pondered ...
Goodbye! We are holy honorable,
Your dust in the grave leaving;
Let the Swedish earth above him
Lies easily, not suppressing ....
Goodbye! With a glorularity of your
You, forever break with us,
You will live in the memory of people
With other glorious minds
As long as the wonderful star light
From the skies to the ground will be poured
And in the Sonsom of Glocent Planets
Saturn Ring will not eclipse.
Thank you
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Signatures for slides:
S. V. Kovalevskaya
- 1850-1891
- Elizaveta Fedorovna Korvin-Krukovskaya
- Vasily Vasilyevich Korvin-Krukovsky
- Sophia Kovalevskaya was born on January 15, 1850 in Moscow, where her father, Artillery General Vasily Korvin-Krukovsky held the position of head of Arsenal. Mother, Elizabeth Schubert, was 20 years old by her father. Subsequently, Kovalevskaya spoke of himself: "I was inherited a passion for science from ancestor, the Hungarian king Matthew Corvin; love for mathematics, music, poetry - from grandfather of Mother, Astronomom Schubert; personal freedom - from Poland; from Gypsy-Prababki - Love To vagrancy and inability to obey the adopted customs; the rest is from Russia. "
- When Sona was six years old, his father resigned and settled in his childbirth of Palibino, in the Vitebsk province.
- First governess
- Krukovsky was a French franger; She was doing more with Anna and almost did not have a relation to younger children, the upbringing of which was soon entrusted to the unfinished Englishman.
- Parents decided to re-separate the wooden house. Displays wallpaper from St. Petersburg. But they did not calculate, and the wallpaper was not enough for a children's room. We decided to simply enclose paper, which accumulated a lot in the attic. Wallpaper in the nursery turned out to be lithographic records of lectures on the differential and integral calculation of Academician of Ostrogradsky, who once listened to the father.
- Watching the walls of the children's, 11-year-old Sonya noticed that some things were depicted there, the uncle told. And she examined the sheets of sheets, made by some signs. In the most prominent place was a sheet with explanations of the concept of infinitely small values \u200b\u200band the limit. And when she began to study in St. Petersburg after a few years, he learned the whole mathematics soon. Nights read out not with fiction, but a bouron algebra course. During the winter, analytic geometry, differential and integral calculus, was held.
- The girl knew all the arithmetic so well, so quickly solved the most difficult tasks that Malevich in front of Algebra made it possible to explore the two-volume course of Bourdon's arithmetic, used at the time at the University of Paris.
- Seeing the mathematical successes of the girl, one of the neighbors recommended the father to take to Sonya in Lieutenant Teachers of the Fleet of Alexander Nikolaevich Strannolyubsky.
- The stranger at the first lesson of differential calculus was surprised at the speed, with whom Sonya learned the concept of limit and about the derivative, "I knew everything exactly." And in fact, at the time of the explanation, suddenly clearly remembered those sheets of Ostrogradsky lectures, which she considered on the wall of a nursery in Palibino.
- Vladimir Onufrievich struck the imagination of the young paletiny young lady. His life was more exciting any novel. At sixteen, he began making money by translations of foreign novels for booksellers of the living room. He hit everyone with his memory, abilities and an extraordinary tendency to "participate in every movement". Kovalevsky did not want to serve as an official and engaged in St. Petersburg by publishing activities. He translated and published the books in which the advanced people of Russia needed.
- Vladimir Onufrievich Kovalevsky
- On September 15, 1868, a wedding took place in the village church near Palibino. And soon in St. Petersburg, Sophia began to secretly attend lectures. The girl soon realized that it was necessary to study only mathematics, and, if now, in young years, not surrendering exclusively with his beloved science, you can irreparable to miss the time! And Kovalevskaya, passing the exam on the certificate of maturity, returned again to the Strannyubsky, to be thoroughly studying mathematics before traveling abroad.
- Karl Weierstrass
- In the name of her top destination, as she understood him, Sophia Vasilyevna overcame the shyness and began to go to Weierstrass in Berlin on October 3, 1870. Wanting to get rid of the corporate visitor, Professor Weierstrass offered it to check the knowledge of several tasks on hyperbolic functions from the category of those, even a few more though, which he gave the most successful students of the Mathematical Faculty, and asked her to go next week. In truth, Weierstrass managed to forget about the visit of Russian, when exactly a week later she appeared again in his office and reported that the tasks were solved!
- In 1869, young spouses are leaving for Germany, Kovalevskaya visits the lectures of the largest scientists, and from 1870. She achieves the right to engage in the leadership of the German scientist Charles Weierstrass. Classes were private, since both women did not accept the University of Berlin.
- In the autumn of 1878, Kovalevsky had a daughter. Almost six months spent Kovalevskaya in bed. Doctors lured hope for her salvation. True, the young organism won, but the heart of Sophia was hit by severe illness.
- Sophia Kovalevskaya with Daughter Sonya
- January 3, 1850 in Moscow in the family of General V.V. Corvin-Krukovsky was born daughter Sophia.
- At the age of 15, she learned all the arithmetic, perfectly solved the most difficult tasks, and in a year he studied analytical geometry, differential and integral number.
- 1868 - moving to Germany, visiting the lectures of Charles Weierstrass.
- At the age of 24, he received a scientific degree of Doctor of Science.
- 1883 - accepts the offer of the Stockholm University to lecture on mathematics.
- December 6, 1888 - Paris Academy of Sciences awards the young scientist prestigious premium Prize Bordene.
- 1889 - Corresponding Member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
- With a diploma of Philosophy, she returns to Petersburg and for almost 6 years leaves mathematics classes. At this time, its literary and journalistic activities begins.
- Has I had to do it indifferent
- Idleness of the crowd to walk
- And suddenly some kind of song passionate
- Accidentally sounds to hear?
- For you an unexpected wave
- Smelled the memory of the previous years,
- And something cute, native
- In the soul responded in response.
- It seemed to you that these sounds
- You as a child heard more than once.
- How much Happiness, Nigi, Flour
- In them reminiscent for you.
- Have you hurried with usual hearing
- Entry familiar to catch
- I wanted you for every sound
- Each word to keep track.
- In 1880 Kovalevskaya moves to Moscow, but there she was not allowed to pass the Master's exams at the University. It was not possible to get the place of professor at the top women's courses in Paris. Only in 1883 she moved to Sweden and begins to work at the University of Stockholm, where he became a professor in a year. For 8 years, she read 12 lecture courses. Years of work at the University of Stockholm the period of the heyday of its scientific and literary activities.
- Sweden was waiting for Kovalevskaya. Newspapers wrote: "Our city honored to visit the princess of science - Mrs. Kovalevskaya. She will be the first privat - Assistant woman in all over Sweden. "
- On January 30, 1884, Kovalevskaya read the first lecture at the University of Stockholm, upon completion of which the professors rushed to her, noisily thanks to and congratulating the brilliant start.
- Course read by Kovalevskaya on german language, I was private, but he was an excellent reputation. Late in the evening on June 24, 1884, Kovalevskaya learned that "appointed a professor for a period of five years."
- In 1888 Kovalevskaya wrote the work "The task of rotating a solid body around the fixed point", attaching to two movements of a gyroscope, open L. Euler and J. Lagrangm, one more. For this work, she was awarded to the Award of the Paris Academy of Sciences, the bordene award, and the amount of the award was increased due to the high quality of work.
- After a year at insistence
- P. L. Chebyshev and other Russian mathematicians St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences chose Kovalevskaya with his correspondent member. Previously for this, a special decree was adopted to award academic titles to women.
- Goodbye! With the glorosity of yours, you will forever break with us, you will live in memory of people with other glorious minds, as long as the wonderful star light from the skies to the ground will flow and in the host of the shrinking planets Ring Saturn does not eclipse ... (
- The only Russian, who managed to quickly get from Nice to Stockholm, became M. Kovalevsky, who said a farewell speech above her grave. Russian women gathered money on the granite cross, which is now towers at the Swedish grave of the Russian scientist.
- The memorial museum is located in the village of Polybino 25 km from the Great Bow in the former estate of Father S.V. Kovalevsky General Vasily Vasilyevich Korvin-Krukovsky. The main manor house and the outhouse is preserved. 19th century, built on the project of an outstanding Russian artist and architect A.P. Bryullov. The part of the memorial manor park is also preserved.
