What to do if a person is missing? Methods of finding people in the natural environment, adopted in DPSo Lease Alert - nortwolf_sam

A few days later, the man was found dead, according to preliminary information - on the bank of the pond, not far from Cherepanovo. Gorsyte found out the details of what happened, and also talked to the head search squad  "Mayak" and learned how to protect themselves from such cases.

Anatoly Gorelkin is 60 years old. The Interior Ministry in the Novosibirsk region told Gorseyt details of the incident. On August 4, at six in the morning, the man took water, food, matches, boots, and went fishing. Towards evening he had already stopped communicating. His son-in-law is wanted.

To find Anatoly, they connected people, the police, and even turned to the mass media for everyone to come to the rescue.

— The body of a man was found only two days later, the sixth of August. According to external signs - death is not violent. At the moment, all the materials are in the investigative committee, they are now establishing the cause of death, and all the circumstances of the incident.- said the duty MIA.

The head of the search unit "Mayak" Pavel Zlobin said that quite often people who went into the woods for mushrooms, berries or fishing disappear. Especially in the summer when the warm season has come.

— Every day there are one or two requests for the loss of people who went into the forest. Unfortunately, not all searches end successfully. A lot of people die,  - says Pavel Zlobin.

The expert explains that the most frequent cause of death in such cases is dehydration:

— The man is lost in the forest, begins to wander. Soon, because of this, the body spends all its resources, and it dies.

Pavel Zlobin also said that sometimes there are deaths for other reasons. Yesterday, for example, they found the dead 70-year-old Novosibirsk, who disappeared a few days ago in the forest. Presumably, the cause is a stroke.

— In general, a lot of causes of death. It happens that sometimes fall into a trap, a natural trap. These are some very dense thickets with debris. It happens that injuries get- says Paul.

The expert says that you need to report the loss as quickly as possible, so that search and rescue operations immediately begin:

— According to statistics, if the search began on the first day, then in almost 99% of cases people are found. If on the second day - it is already 45%. And on the third there already almost falls to 30%.

Pavel Zlobin gave a number of rules that must be strictly followed if you gathered in the forest:

• 1. Tell your family and friends where you will go and what time you plan to return.
• 2. Wear bright clothes. Preferably, a signaling vest that can be purchased at any major store. NO CAMOUFLAGE. Otherwise you will be hard to find.
  3. Bring a fully charged phone. To immediately report that you are lost.
• 4. Bring a cape or raincoat in case of rain.
• 5. Take the matches with you, pack them so that they do not get wet. In which case, you can warm up from the fire, and the smoke will help search engines to find you.
• 6. Use the compass. Look in which direction you go in to also exit. If you have a GPS navigator, then put a point where you went into the forest.
• 7. Always take water and food. If you get lost, it will prolong your life.
• 8. If you need to take medicine, be sure to take them with you.
• 9. Take a whistle. Your voice may come from screaming for help or dry throat. Whistle will help you.

If you still get lost, then Pavel Zlobin gives the following rules:

• 1. Do not panic. Calm down, look around.
• 2. Listen. Maybe you can catch the sound of a track or railroad, people, pets. Determine the direction of this noise, and go to it.
• 3. No sounds? Report that you are lost at number 112. You can call him even where there is no connection. If you still can't get through, try climbing a hill or a tree, but this is for health reasons, because if you fall, it will be worse.
• 4. Find an open space, such as a clearing. Make a fire.
• 5. If night has already come and you had to somehow hide yourself, then knit something bright next to you. So that rescuers could recognize you. Do not go to bed on bare ground or stones, otherwise you may face hypothermia: break young branches for yourself.
• 6. If you came across a linear reference point, a road or a line of gear, then go strictly along them. Usually they lead to settlements or any objects where there are people. When walking, be sure to leave any noticeable objects of your stay. For example, a tied plastic bag, a bottle of water or lemonade, etc. But not clothes - it may still be useful to you. Also, leave a sign in which direction you are going, for example, lay out an arrow made of stones.
• 7. And most importantly - do not give up! Know that you are looking for and be sure to find.

Photo: Tverigrad.ru Innoginsk.ru Be.ofis-c.ru M.1777.ru 47channel.ru

The main danger facing a lost person is fear. The adrenaline rush into the blood is so powerful that even an adult person begins to act contrary to any logic.

Some cannot concentrate at all to find a way out. Despair is what can destroy a person even if salvation is near. But fear can help: a frightened person is preparing for danger, looking for a way out.

Rescue options

First rule - do not continue spontaneous movement! Stop, calm down, think, try to orient yourself so that you can reach people as quickly as possible.

Landmarks

If you feel smoke -  go against the wind (to the source of smoke). When moving, leave traces behind you: notches on tree trunks, broken branches, unnecessary luggage.

Power line, glade, river, path - can also help, but remember, not only people make paths. If the tops of the bushes close at the level of the belt of an adult, then forest animals have trodden this path. At best, it will lead to water.

The most reliable - go to the sound. Listen: tractor noise can be heard for 3-4 km; dog barking, car hooters - for 2-3 km; loud cry - for 1 km; knock of an ax, noise of a motorcycle - for 0.5 km. In the silence of the forest you can also hear the sound of church bells. Late in the evening, when the fog falls, the pressure rises and the audibility improves even more. Train noise can be discerned at a distance of 10 km.

Night in the forest

If nothing worked and it was getting dark, you need to take care of the overnight stay. Find an open place, better on an elevation, and build several high (about three meters) crosses from spruce branches near the path: rescuers, as a rule, walk along it.

It is necessary not only to look for a convenient dry place, but also to collect more firewood if you decide to make a fire. He can warm up, in addition, fire and smoke can be a signal for rescuers.

By the way, matches get wet instantly, so they should be kept in good waterproof packaging. It is enough to put the boxes in a plastic bag and wrap it several times. Seasoned travelers always take with them tablets of dry alcohol or a candle stub.

But even without matches, the fire can be lit with the help of convex lenses of glasses, mirrors, watch glass, camera lens (if there is a sun). Rubbing the planks together in our area is useless - the climate is too humid.

Bonfire

  So that the fire broke out and did not go out immediately, protect it from wind and moisture. Make sure that he does not spread on dry grass and branches. When it rains, even with a small candlelight, the wet brush dries in a few minutes, and thicker branches never get wet. It is worth clearing them with a knife, and the firewood is ready.

If you decided to sleep near the fire, then it is better to make a pillow out of sand - this will prevent the fire from spreading. It is desirable to maintain fire all night - throw a couple of thick branches into it. It is better to light several small fires than one big one. If searches are conducted from a helicopter, it will immediately attract attention.

If you know exactly what will be looking for you - stay in one place, make a fire and ... sing songs - by smoke and voice it is easy to find a person. You can still beat with sticks on the trees - the sound is far apart in the forest.

Some tips rescuers MOE:

  - Go only on proven routes. Do not attempt to cut the corner if you don’t know the terrain;

  - Do not go into the thicket of the forest. There is a saying: “It’s not the one who does not know the forest, but the one who is sure that he knows it” is lost more often;

  - Tell your family or rescue service, from which side of the forest you entered;

  - memorize the path, pay attention to the unusual tree, twisted stump, glades, the direction of the flow of the river. Nick in the trees;

  - If you go by car, check whether you have enough gasoline on the way there and back.

  - before going, be sure to charge your mobile phone;

  - Wear a bright jacket to see you better. It can be strengthened at the top of the tree, as an SOS signal. It is better if everyone has a backpack with a supply of food and water, a knife and matches will also be useful.

Few people know that a watch can replace a compass in the forest. If you direct the hour hand to the sun, and divide the angle formed by it and the number 1 in half, the dividing line will always point exactly to the south.

Rememberthat the bark of birch and pine on the north side is darker than on the south, and the trunks of trees, stones, protrusions of the rocks are thicker covered with moss and lichen. The resin is more from the south side of the coniferous trees. All these signs are clearly expressed in a separate tree on a clearing or edge.

How else to identify parts of the world:

If you stand at noon with your back to the sun, then the north will show your shadow, the east will be on the right hand, the west - on the left.

About 7 o'clock in the morning the sun is in the east, at 13 o'clock - in the south, about 19 o'clock - in the west.

Until noon, the south is to the right of the sun, and in the afternoon it is to the left.

At night, you can navigate the Polar Star - it points to the north.

Remember  the most common local signs, which can approximately determine the side of the horizon:

Moss and lichen cover tree trunks and stones from the north.

In hot weather on coniferous trees, the resin accumulates more abundantly on the south side.

Anthills are located on the south side of trees, stumps and bushes. The southern slope of anthills is more gentle than the northern one.

Berries and fruits used to become the color of maturity on the south side.

Mushrooms grow on the north side of the tree, stump, shrub.

Often people start to panic because they are walking in a circle.   However, this is a common phenomenon and it is called the "focus of the right leg." The fact is that one step in people is always shorter than the other, and no matter how hard a person tries to go straight, he will always be put aside.

How long can you last without food and water?

Without food, a person can last about two weeks, and without water - about two days.

How to get drinking water in the forest?

  Can collect   rainwater.  Dig a hole and lay it in large leaves so that the water does not sink into the ground. When it rains, tie a tree with a cloth. Water flowing along the trunk will linger in it.

In addition, it is known that all plants constantly evaporate  water It can be collected using an ordinary bag of polyethylene. It is put on a bush, a tree branch and tied at the base. Evaporated water settles on the inner surface of polyethylene. For an hour, depending on the size of the plant, you can collect up to 50-80 ml of water.

But the water from the river and the stream (if possible) is better to boil.

Forest can feed

The main thing - there are only those berries and mushrooms that you know for sure . You can feed the berries in the forest, but you shouldn’t hope for it especially. All berries are low-calorie, and in addition, in a large number of the stomach will not accept them.

  The most satisfying food in the forest is mushrooms. It is best to chop finely and boil in two waters. If there is no pot with you, you can adjust the tin can.

And you can eat the bark of trees and even burdock root. By taste, it can replace potatoes - it contains a lot of vitamin B. Syrup, salad and soup are made from dandelion flowers. If there is no burdock and dandelion, then the bark of birch, willow and poplar will do. They are edible too.

Broth from the leaves of strawberries, raspberries, tincture of mint are good for calming the nerves. A juice of celandine heals wounds from mosquito bites.

The most difficult thing is to survive the first night in the forest. Children endure this test more easily than adults. Their physical fatigue is so strong that they simply turn off. The more mature a person is, the more developed the instinct of self-preservation is; therefore, any sound will disturb him. But the wild beasts themselves are afraid of man and will never attack first. Therefore, for greater peace of mind, if you are not alone in the forest, it is better to sleep one by one.

If you have a mobile phone with you,   Try to tell your relatives and friends about yourself as soon as possible - call or send an SMS message. Do not use the phone often - the battery will sit down.

Telephones : MES - 112, Unified Rescue Service – 01 . Speak briefly and to the point, tell us approximate landmarks where you are.

It is easy to get lost in an unfamiliar forest, picking berries and mushrooms. Yes, and a motorist, driving into an unfamiliar forest, can quickly lose orientation in the complex interweaving of forest roads. What to do in this situation?

As soon as I realized that I was lost, stop, collect your thoughts. It is impossible in this case to run thoughtlessly through the forest in search of the road. It will only confuse you more. Is there any certainty that they will be looking for you here? After all, you yourself do not really know where you are. Maybe you can go to the people yourself?

1. Sit on a stump or a fallen tree and try to remember your entire route: what you saw, what features you noticed (unusual trees, stones, rocks, swamp, stream, etc.). It is very good to have the habit of remembering which way the clouds floated, which side the Sun was when it entered the forest. If the Sun was on the right, then with the right out of the forest it should be on the left (after 5-6 hours - in front of you and a little to the left).
2. A good guide is the railway. The noise of the train is heard for about 10 kilometers, and a diesel locomotive horn or a train signal - for 15-20 kilometers. Tractor can be heard for 3-5 kilometers, and barking dogs - for 2-3.
3. You can, of course, climb a tree. But this is a dangerous occupation, especially alone, and besides, it will be difficult to see something in the forest - you need to climb above the surrounding trees, which is possible on hills and elevated terrain or near the river, the edge of the field.
4. A stream or river, if you go downstream, will necessarily lead to people or to the road.
5. Knowing in which direction (north, south, east or west) you went into the forest or where the nearest settlement is, but without having a compass with you, it is necessary to use local signs. Using local signs for orientation, you should not trust any one of them. It is better to determine the desired direction by several and choose the average value.
6. Great help in finding the right direction - the definitions of the cardinal points, can provide glades with pillars at the intersection of forest quarters. Quarterly pillars are usually (but not always!) Numbered from west to east and from north to south. This means that the smaller numbers on the quarterly column are on the north side, and the big ones - on the south side.

Paths and vehicle tire tracks can lead to settlements, housing.

In order not to get off, moving in the chosen direction, it is necessary before the start of the movement to choose two well-marked landmarks (a particular tree, a separate bush, a rock), and reaching the first one, outline the next two, and so on. When you go around a serious obstacle (swamp, small lake or forest dam), you need to choose a noticeable landmark so that you do not lose it during the walk.

Moving in the forest, make notches in the trees or mark your route with broken branches, in any other way you invented, remember the characteristic signs on your way.

At an ambient air temperature of +30 ° C, even 20–25% dehydration is easier to transfer than dehydration is 10–15%, but at a higher air temperature.

AS.Everything is lost in the forest: old people, young people and even children. If in this situation you can use the word "lucky", then it will apply to those who are lost in the forest with a well-charged mobile phone. In this case, they themselves can declare that they can not find a way out of the forest. Under less fortunate circumstances, the applicants are mostly relatives. Sometimes their messages are rather unexpected.

“There was a call from the lost son,” says Yelozin. - We ask how old the father is. "92 years." Naturally, he does not have a mobile phone with him. We clarify further: "What are his health problems?" "He suffered three heart attacks." “Guys, how did you let him go to the forest?” “And he always walks ...”

All searches begin with the fact that the map determines the territory of the search, cutting it off from the rest of the space by railways, motorways, and wide rivers. It is assumed that people who are lost on the road will follow it in search of someone alive, and they will not cross the wide river, especially in cold weather. But sometimes lost commit illogical actions. A few years ago a grandmother with a grandson disappeared in the forest. The search lasted a long time - rescuers combed the entire planned territory, but they were not found. But still decided to continue, going beyond the "cut-off" area. Strangely enough, the missing people were found in a section of the forest after the road - it turned out that the old woman and her grandson had crossed the trail and again entered the forest. When the rescuers found them, the child was already dead - he died from hypothermia.

EQUIPMENT. If you get lost in the forest (God forbid, of course) and hear the sound of an exploding rocket, then go meet him. Such rockets (noise and signal), as well as megaphone, are used by rescuers to search in the forest. In addition, there is usually a service vehicle at the edge of the forest where the driver turns on the siren every ten minutes (if there is no wind, you can hear it for 3–3.5 km). True, once a siren was useful to rescuers in an unusual situation.

“A company of young people went to rest in the country,” recalls the case “from work” Yevgeny Yelozin. - Two guys and four girls. In the evening they drank: the girls, since they have a weak body, went to bed at eleven o'clock, the guys drank until six in the morning. Around the same time, the girls went for mushrooms (young people were already asleep), and got lost. When they filed an application (they had a mobile phone with them), they said where they came into the forest. Arriving at the place, we found that one of the guys was sleeping in the car. It was impossible to wake him up, only a siren helped. Waking up, young people began to prove to us that no one was lost from them. When we brought the girls out, they were more or less sobered up - they laughed that they had never been woken by the siren. ”

BUTTON.The senior Yevgeny Paramonov, who, incidentally, was involved in the search for that grandmother with a child, comes to the office of Yelozin to sign some papers. Suddenly, his mobile phone is ringing - a Disney cartoon melody is pouring from his pocket: "Chip, Chip, Chip, Chip and Dale are hurrying to us." He smiles and jokes: "Only the buttons are missing."

“This is a hard, masculine job,” answers my question about the presence of women in the Yelozin squad. - Not every man can take it. I remember that, according to one application, we walked four kilometers through a swamp in eleven hours - we constantly pulled each other out of the swamp. Looking for a man - his wife made a claim that he was lost, sitting in a swamp. Then it turned out that he was decoded, washed it down and was afraid to tell his wife about it. In the swamps, of course, it was not. "

Recently, a touching letter from a resident of the village of Maksimovka of the Volosovsky district came to the head of the state budget institution “Administration of the state registration body of the Leningrad region” Leonid Lagoda. A man was lost in this locality, and rescuers came to search. Quote from the letter: “In addition to assistance, we also received colossal moral support. Your employees are real professionals and real men. Thanks to these people and our country holds. ” When someone wrote this text, it was not yet lost. Yelozin says: “it is clear that this is our work,” but when the rescued grandmothers ask the names of the children to put a candle for them in the church, of course, they are most likely very pleased.

LIKE CHILDREN.  There are no standards for determining how many days are spent searching for a person: it all depends on the specific situation. The number of hours that rescuers can comb the forest is also not defined. In August, in the “hot” season, several requests from different districts were received per day: on the first call, the detachment left in the morning, returned only the next day. (From all of them, only the search for children is different - not only rescuers but also other structures throw all forces on the search. It’s also difficult to search for corpses in the forest (sometimes elderly people die in the forest - the heart caught everything) - you can walk a meter from the body, not seeing him because of the grass).

“All people react differently to the fact that they are lost: someone is panicking, someone is going the opposite,” says Yelozin. - Grandparents of the old school usually calmly react to this situation. Old women, it happens, and for 7-8 days can live in the forest. Panic is usually given to urban young people. Once a general incident happened: five young people were lost in the forest, they called rescuers. While we were driving, they quarreled and wandered through the forest. So we had to look not five in one place, but five people throughout the forest.

In general, a person can live in the forest for 2-3 weeks, - continues Elosin. - Of course, if the nights are warm - the main thing is that there is no hypothermia. And so - drinking water to eat, berries, too. Somehow, on the eleventh day of the search, our grandmother herself came out of the forest. And she told that she heard our siren, but for some reason she did not go. They sometimes behave like children. ”

The conversation came to an end, no one called in the forest of rescuers. The season is really over. Luckily.

If you or your relatives are lost in the forest, call 01 (from the city) and 112 (from the mobile).

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According to the Ministry of Internal Affairs, over 120,000 missing persons are wanted in Russia every year. Not only the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Emergency Situations are looking for them - in our country there are 74 volunteer organizations that search for missing people. And often they bring no less help than government departments. At any time, day or night, regardless of weekends and holidays, volunteers are looking for complete strangers to them. What is not civil society?

Irina Vorobyeva, a correspondent for Ekho Moskvy radio station and coordinator of the well-known search party Liza Alert, told about how this is happening.

Irina, you are looking for people around the clock. Life turns into a search. In this mode, surely the detachment has a shortage of people?

Irina Vorobyeva:  People come to us all the time. The search engines — even though there are more of us — are sorely lacking. There is a shortage of equipment, and without it you cannot send people to the forest, each group should be with a navigator, with good flashlights. And when we cannot go out into the forest to save a person, because we don’t have a battery, I don’t know how to describe this condition. It's very scary.

Are there any statistics on how many people left in the forest are lost?

Irina Vorobyeva: No one really leads this statistic. There are no specific figures for either the Ministry of Emergency Situations or the Ministry of Internal Affairs. According to our data, only this summer in the forest lost 101 people. 76 of them we got alive, the rest died. We receive 4-5 applications per day. Some of the "declared to search" come out themselves, some we look for, and some do not, and we don’t find them.

Recently, news feeds now and then throw up messages "went into the forest and never came back." Is this a seasonal problem?

Irina Vorobyeva:  Yes, there are always a lot of lost mushroom pickers. Not only this year. In the past, it also happens every autumn. Every summer we repeat to each other: "Now there are few searches, but then mushrooms will come and horror will begin." Mostly grandparents get lost in the forest, which they supposedly know well. At some point, something happens to them, it becomes bad. And they all remain in this forest. There are such stories when a grandmother lives alone in a village, often goes to the forest, relatives come on Friday — no grandmother — where did she go? in what? what day? - nobody knows. They call us and really can not say anything. Absolute carelessness.

At any time, day or night, regardless of weekends and holidays, volunteers are looking for completely strangers to them. What is not civil society?

What makes it harder for you to search?

Irina Vorobyeva: People go to the forest in anything, and mostly in clothes that are not visible. In some cheap camouflage jacket or in black, brown, green. Put it on themselves and happily go to the forest. It feels like they want to hide there. And this is easily achieved. Because we can not find them. We have the opportunity to watch the forest from the air. And if someone from our group is in a forest in an orange vest, you can clearly see it from a height. But camouflage and gray-black do not discern. This is the first mistake. The second is that people going to the forest do not take a mobile phone with them. Often we hear this phrase: the grandmother has a mobile phone, but she did not take him into the woods, because she was afraid of losing him. It seems that people do not understand at all that the forest is dangerous. Do not take any water or food with you. The third mistake: autumn is a very insidious season. During the day it can be warm, at night in the forest it is necessarily wet and very cold. And people, dressing in the daytime weather, stay in the woods at night, freeze. Another huge problem: people are very late in asking for help. A year ago, we pulled a 91-year-old grandfather out of the forest, this year he turned 92, and his relatives called us again: "He disappeared again three days ago." Why are you silent for three days ?! Thank God, the grandfather himself came out of the forest, however, he ended up in the hospital after that. When people are lost with mobile phones, another problem arises. Relatives for some reason do not understand that a working mobile phone is the only thing that can save a person’s life now. They begin to call, ask, the phone sits down, and only then those who wish to help begin to contact the police and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. The phone sat down, really explaining what the missing person said, the negotiators cannot. But if the phone works, it’s easier to save a person. Sirens are placed around the forest, and we ask the missing person on the phone if he hears sirens. If not, then we transfer the sirens to another place. If you hear, we examine this square and find it.

But for some reason people persistently and categorically refuse to understand that a forest is a dangerous thing.

Some kind of catastrophic nonchalance ...

Irina Vorobyeva:And not only from individual people. Sometimes even the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the police do not know what to do. We had a completely amazing case when a person was found on the third day. Our volunteers combed the square, which was the most likely, but there was little hope. And suddenly heard a response. We made our way through the swamp to the waist in the water. The man was alive. They tried to call the Ministry of Emergency Situations or the police to evacuate it, because it was impossible to carry it through the swamp. It turned out that neither the Emergencies Ministry nor the police have the necessary equipment. A person must urgently go to the hospital. But our coordinators can not refuse to be creative. They called the Russian Railways, "please save, a person dies, send a train." People there, probably, at first did not even understand what they were talking about. It is unlikely that someone made such requests to them. But they sent a locomotive ..

Who helps you buy the necessary equipment? The same elementary tea with a sandwich?

Irina Vorobyeva:  We buy the equipment ourselves. Another kind people help. It often happens that a person is not ready to go on a search in the forest himself, but he helps with equipment. Recently, we were given twenty lanterns, and one lantern is a few thousand rubles. Sometimes there are notifications - so many navigators have come to your name, you can get them there. Who did it - we do not know. But everyone wants to convey a huge thank you for your help. As for the kitchen, we do everything ourselves. Sometimes, the relatives of the lost help, although we do not ask them about it.

Do you now understand how children are lost?

Irina Vorobyeva:In one instant. It doesn't matter where it happens in a forest or city. They just disappear from sight for a second - and that’s all, they can be considered lost. In the forest they go to look at the flowers and trees, but literally after ten meters I can not go back. In the city they stare at the shop window or run after the birdie and that’s all - there is no child nearby. I cannot say that parents can be blamed for this. Here you can only advise one thing - hold the hand in the city, and explain in nature that the forest is a danger. And you can go there only with adults.

What does Lisa Alert mean to you personally?

Irina Vorobyeva:  "Liza Alert" is such a story ... When you get into it, she begins to occupy your whole life.

Read and remember

Going to the forest, be sure to bring matches. Even in a wet forest, you can make a fire and warm up. Plus a fire is a signal.

Wear bright clothes in the forest.

Do not forget to charge the mobile phone well.

Be sure to take water with you.

if you take a compass with you, then learn how to use it.

A modern man, lost in the woods with a mobile phone at hand, immediately clogs up in the search for what to do. And can find some good advice, the first of which will be: do not panic.

The work of the rescue services is organized in such a way that you can call the number "112" without the participation of a sim card, if this is not the territory of your telecom operator. The main thing is that the lost one can explain where he is.

And for this, you need to be careful in the forest, be able to notice signs like a quarter pillar (and there are special marks on it), remember which highway you went to the forest from, what kind of rivers, lakes, settlements are nearby. But let's take a look at the order of what actions are best performed and which ones are not worth it!

1. If you understand that you are lost, stop and calmly look at everything that you see around you. Listen to the sounds of the forest. Barking dogs coming from afar (heard at a distance of 2-3 km), voices of people, sounds of working equipment, a railway (a running train is heard at a distance of up to 10 km) can tell the direction of movement.
2. A tall tree can help, which you can climb and inspect the surroundings from above.
3. If you have reached the rescuers and are sure that they are looking for you, it is better to stay in one place and make a fire. Smoke will show your location.
4. You can knock on wood with a stick from time to time, these sounds can be heard over long distances.
5. If your cell phone is discharged, and you have to find your own way, try to navigate by the sun: you need to remember in which direction the nearest town or where you came from. Early in the morning the sun is in the east, closer to noon it moves to the south, by 19 o'clock it descends to the west. If the night sky is cloudless, you can find the North Star, which will show the direction to the north. The Polar Star is not the brightest in the entire sky, but the most visible in the constellation Ursa Minor, resembling a bucket. The polestar is located at the end of the handle of this bucket. At night, risking injury in the dark, you should not move, you can only determine and remember the direction.
6. Memo if lost in the forest suggests that you want to leave evidence of being in a particular place: a handkerchief tied to a tree, chocolate packaging, notches on trees, an arrow laid out of stones, etc.

It will also be useful for you to familiarize yourself with the information in our article:

1. If during the inspection you find a trail, determine if it is bestial. The path of animals, of course, will lead you to the watering, and from it you will be able to find a stream or river, moving downstream of which, sooner or later, you will go to the settlement. But to meet with wild animals once again is not worth it. If the branches of bushes close in the area of \u200b\u200byour chest, then the trail is bestial. Be careful!
2. In the absence of daylight, do not move on. Organize your overnight stay: before it gets dark, collect fuel reserves with the expectation that it is enough until the morning, and the material to make a fire. Dredge (or clean) the campfire area (1-1.5 meters requires the absence of inflammable materials around the campfire), stock up with water for boiling and drinking and for preventing fire in dry weather. Sleep not go to bed or head to the fire, and sideways, in parallel. Each tourist prepares matches in advance to eliminate the risk of wetting: he waxes the upper part of each match, stores them in a tightly closed tin canister, stores separately a part of the box suitable for ignition of the match head.
3. If your food supply comes to an end, you can search for nuts, mushrooms, catch fish, if you have tackle and bait. But it should be remembered that the mushrooms are boiled, twice pouring boiled water. And select those whose names as edible know for sure.
4. If you are sleeping by the fire, you should not fear the attacks of animals, they themselves are afraid of man and fire, and they will not attack unless they are provoked on purpose or by accident. Just be careful and calm.

What not to do lost in the woods

Waiting for rescuers do not move around, randomly changing directions. It is better to stay in one place or move to where people are, if you understood exactly where it is, after seeing the power line, the gas pipeline and some other precise landmarks.

You should not keep your mobile on all the time and explain to relatives who want to talk to you for a long time that the phone may run out before help is on the way and you really need a phone.

In the list of what should not be done lost in the forest, you should add the inadmissibility of drinking non-boiled water obtained from natural sources, and immediately eat up all stocks without distributing them into equal parts for at least 3-4 days.

When the food is over, the forest will not give you the abyss. In the summer you can try to cook burdock root, taste like potatoes. About the mushrooms, we have already mentioned, the berries are not full. In winter, in extreme cases, the bark of trees will fit. Connoisseurs of edible vegetation are sure to look for wild sorrel, orchis, souring, young shoots, etc. in summer.

It is not necessary to make one big fire, it will be harder to maintain than a few small ones, which, moreover, are easier to see from the side. Even in the rain in the forest you can find dry leaves and branches, if you look under fallen trees. Tossing off the branches, try not to block the access of air to the weakly smoldering first flame. Leaving the parking lot, carefully put out the fire.

If you see that the time is coming in the evening and darkness, stop moving and searching, engage in the arrangement of the night. The litter can be made of spruce branches, and of the branches of other trees - a shed or a hut. They will protect from wind and rain.

You should not fight with sleep, the rest of the body in such a situation is necessary. If stress does not allow you to fall asleep, think about the fact that morning will come very soon, and then help will appear.

Having equipped the parking, conduct reconnaissance in different directions, each time indicating with symbols addressed to the rescuers in which direction you are going. Try not to deviate from the intended course and leave signs, to return to the parking lot early. In films and books about the lost, the heroes “walk in a circle” in the forest. So, indeed, it happens, because the right foot makes movements with a little more force than the left. If you do not choose any landmarks, the movement will not take place in a straight line. As a rule, those who stay in one place and do not confuse their own traces find it faster. Depart from the parking lot to search, only if you are firmly confident in their abilities.

It is impossible not to think about the upcoming steps, because it has unpleasant consequences.

Anyone who prepares for everything in advance will not be scared if he still gets lost in the forest. It’s quite possible to prepare in advance, just follow a few rules:

• inform your relatives and friends about your plans, it is better to even acquaint them with a map of the intended route and time of return, agree with someone about “test calls”;
• recharge your cell and replenish the balance, in addition to mobile, it is good to have a mechanical watch with you;
• put a whistle on your neck;
• dress brighter and take the same clothes in stock;
• everything you need should be in your backpack: matches in a pencil case + wrap with polyethylene, a compass, food stock (if canned food is hard, stock up on dried meat and fish, now they are easy to buy), water, a first-aid kit, hatchet, pot, insect repellent tablets of dry alcohol for ignition.

It will be useful for you to get acquainted with the information in our articles:

Quite often, children voluntarily go to the forest without informing their parents.

So that the child does not disappear in the forest, it is worth teaching him:

• use a cell phone, notifying where to call, 102 (police),;
• provide the child’s clothing with retroreflective elements (on the sleeves and trousers, or let him wear a special vest), in the dark the baby will have more chances for a quick escape;
• the child must be sure that the search will not stop until its location is found;
• talk about the behavior of wild animals in relation to not disturbing their person;
• give the child a whistle, let him always be with him, for this it is enough to accustom him to the game moments that everyone is able to invent in his family;
• go hiking with children, gradually teaching them to navigate in the forest and behave correctly.

For lost people, getting lost has always been a surprise, so being prepared is a very good habit. When this happens, neither age nor physical fitness does not matter. It is very important in this situation not to undergo dehydration, not to lose the will to live. Since childhood, the advice given to us about the fact that moss grows on the northern side of the tree does not work, because there are many reasons why this does not happen. Be firmly aware that even if you cannot call the number (the battery has sat down, the phone is lost, etc.), you will be found if at least one relative knows or suggests where you could go.

Rescuers find even those lagging behind their tourist groups. Only in the summer of 2017, a teenager who was lagging behind a group of Petersburgers in Karelia in the village of Pos. Shalsky. In June of the same year, rescuers found a four-year-old boy who had gone off to the tent and lost in the woods near Yekaterinburg.

Many other examples can be given. But every mushroom picker, fisherman, tourist should remember that searches will be useless if a person fails to take care of himself and does not follow the wise advice of experienced people!

Master class from Tatarstan rescuers. How not to get lost in the forest