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Presentation on the topic: " Bad habits and fight against them. The presentation was prepared by a student of the 8th "B" class Ivanycheva Olga. Bad habits. The main factors that negatively affect health are: Taking drugs. Alcohol consumption. Smoking. The consequences of smoking.
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Presentation on the topic: "Bad habits and the fight against them"
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Habits and the fight against them "The presentation was prepared by a student of the 8" B "class Ivanycheva Olga
The main factors negatively affecting health are: Drug use Alcohol use Smoking
Expressed changes in organs; Lungs' cancer; Violation of the cardiovascular system, etc.
Smoke and its consequences
Alcohol abuse Systematic use of alcohol. Gender (women drink faster). Drinking parents. Age (every second alcoholic started drinking before the age of 14). Neuropsychiatric disorders: epilepsy, hysteria, neuroses. Risk factors Alcohol abuse Consequences In more than half of all homicides, the attacker, or the victim, or both, was intoxicated. Approximately two-thirds of cases of violence in the family are somehow related to alcohol abuse. The life expectancy of heavy drinkers is shortened by an average of fifteen years. Alcoholism dramatically reduces the quality of life of someone who suffers from this defect. About 10% of the annual number of deaths is related to alcoholism. Alcohol is involved in about half of all road accidents.
Taking drugs Damage to the immune system) decreased immunity, metabolic disorders, a high probability of infection with infectious hepatitis and HIV (AIDS) Damage to the central nervous system. In this case, there are: mental dependence, depression, acute psychosis. Damage to the reproductive system: menstruation stops in women, infertility occurs, impotence develops in men. Disorders that appear after 3 months of use Effects of drugs on health Disorders that appear later High mortality from overdose. Shortening life by 20-25 years. Paleness, loss of skin elasticity, stratification of nails, hair loss, weight loss. Weakness of the myocardium with an increased likelihood of heart attack and stroke.
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Goals:
- contributing to the prevention of the formation of bad habits in children;
- development in adolescents of a conscious rejection of bad habits as a way of influencing their personality;
- the formation of students' need for a healthy lifestyle, responsibility for their own health.
Preparatory work: Announce to students a week in advance class hour and about the drawing competition on the theme “Say no!”
Equipment: presentation, handout, sheets of red and green colors.
Class hour progress
Main part. Guys, you all know that the most important need of every person in modern society is to strengthen and maintain health, well-being and mood, high performance, creative longevity.
Question: What factors do you think affect our health. (children's answers)
One of the most effective and affordable means of satisfying this need is to maintain a healthy lifestyle and give up bad habits.
A habit is something that we invariably repeat day after day, unlike our mistakes, from which we learn.
Habits are harmful, bad, unreasonable and sometimes dangerous. The first habits take their origins from childhood. The most unpleasant thing in our life is bad habits. We know. That they are bad, and often we can’t do anything with ourselves - we’re used to it!
What is a bad habit? ( guys give the concept of "bad habit")
A bad habit is an action that is automatically repeated many times, and this action is harmful from the point of view of the public good, those around you or the health of the person who has fallen under the bondage of a bad habit.
Bad habits are not useful or directly harmful. Such automatic actions are manifested due to the weakness of the will. If a person cannot exercise the will power to take progressive action, then he falls under the force of habit, which brings him back into the old rut, habitual action.
A habitual action is a habit. But, on the one hand, there are good, useful habits and manners, and, on the other hand, there are bad or harmful habits.
Good habits we can call such as:
- follow the daily routine
- do exercises in the morning,
- wash hands before eating,
- clean up after yourself all things in place,
- brush your teeth every day
- proper nutrition, etc.
Proper implementation of the regimen, the alternation of physical activity and rest are necessary. They improve performance, discipline a person, strengthen his health.
A bad habit can be considered as a disease or pathological addiction. But along with bad habits, there are unprofitable actions that cannot be considered as a disease, but which arise due to the imbalance of the nervous system.
Bad habits include the following:
Here is just a small list of bad habits that prevent us from living and sometimes create conflicts.
Let's characterize some of them.
Alcoholism- the most common bad habit, often turns into a serious disease, characterized by a painful addiction to alcohol (ethyl alcohol), with mental and physical dependence on it, accompanied by the systematic consumption of alcoholic beverages despite the negative consequences.
Question: Why is drinking harmful? (Answers of children: it has a detrimental effect on the brain; speech becomes fuzzy, incomprehensible; uneven gait; waking up after taking a large dose of alcohol, a person experiences weakness, weakness, lethargy, lack of appetite, dry mouth and increased thirst; decreased performance, etc.) Drunkenness leads to car accidents, crimes, industrial accidents.
Addiction- a chronic progressive (development of the disease with an increase in symptoms) disease caused by the use of drug substances.
Different drugs cause different addictions. Some drugs cause strong psychological dependence, but do not cause physical dependence. Others, on the contrary, cause a strong physical dependence. Many drugs cause both physical and psychological dependence.
A distinction is made between positive attachment - taking a drug to achieve a pleasant effect (euphoria, a feeling of cheerfulness, increased mood) and negative attachment - taking a drug in order to get rid of tension and feeling unwell. Physical dependence means painful and even painful sensations, a painful condition during a break in the constant use of drugs (the so-called withdrawal syndrome, withdrawal). These sensations are temporarily relieved by the resumption of drug use.
Smoking- inhalation of the smoke of preparations, mainly of plant origin, smoldering in a stream of inhaled air, in order to saturate the body with the active substances contained in them by sublimation and subsequent absorption in the lungs and respiratory tract.
Question. Why do people try to smoke? (Children's answers: for the company, they want to seem like adults, etc.)
Gambling addiction is a supposed form of psychological dependence, manifested in an obsessive passion for video games and computer games, as well as gambling addiction - a pathological addiction to gambling consists in frequent repeated episodes of gambling that dominate a person's life and lead to a decrease in social, professional, material and family values, such a person does not pay due attention to his duties in these areas.
TV addiction. Television has become the most common way to escape from oneself into the world of illusions. It has entered the life of almost every modern person, has become a familiar companion of his life.
According to statistics, on average, each person spends about 3 hours a day in front of the TV. This is about half of his free time and about 9 years of each life.
Internet addiction is a mental disorder, an obsessive desire to connect to the Internet and a painful inability to disconnect from the Internet in time. Internet addiction is a widely discussed issue, but its status is still at an unofficial level.
The main 6 types of internet addiction are:
1. Obsessive web surfing - endless travel through world wide web, search for information.
2. Addicted to virtual communication and virtual acquaintances - large volumes of correspondence, constant participation in chat rooms, web forums, redundancy of acquaintances and friends on the Web.
3. Game addiction - an obsessive passion for computer games over the network.
4. Obsessive financial need - online gambling, unnecessary purchases in online stores or constant participation in online auctions.
5. Addiction to watching movies via the Internet, when the patient can spend the whole day in front of the screen without stopping due to the fact that almost any movie or program can be watched on the network.
6. Cybersex addiction - an obsessive attraction to visiting porn sites and engaging in cybersex.
Question: Do you have any addictions: television, Internet, gaming (children's answers)
Nail biting habit. Science still doesn't know what makes people bite their nails. Although there are a lot of theories trying to explain why people bite their nails: from thoughtfulness to tension. One of the most common theories is that nail biting is caused by stress. They chew to relax, they chew to think better, they chew when they're nervous.
Technomania. The desire to constantly update existing phones, computers, televisions and household appliances, to buy more and more new and improved models. The constant need to purchase new phone models is not uncommon. As a rule, this is justified by several new features, updated menu design, etc. The same is true for other technology. This dependence has also become a disease that leads to depression, nervous breakdowns if there is no financial or any other opportunity to acquire the desired thing.
Question: What bad habits do you have and how do you deal with them? ( take turns naming their bad habits
Most importantly, try to find the reasons for this habit.
If you have already decided to give up bad habits, in no case give yourself concessions.
The fight against bad habits is a matter that almost every person should do (all of us, alas, are imperfect). Let's outline the basic principles for getting rid of unproductive patterns of behavior.
Wean yourself
- Motivate yourself
- Self-organize yourself
- Motivate others to organize you (find yourself a “shepherd”)
Wean others
- or wean him at all so that he does not do this anywhere and never,
- so that he does not do something near you.
At the same time, it is one thing to wean strangers, another thing to wean loved ones, while weaning our children is another thing than weaning our parents.
After all, human health is a vital value, it consists of many interconnected components. What can and cannot be done to keep you healthy?
Practical part. Write down your bad and good habits on a piece of paper. Good habits must be written on green sheets, bad habits on red sheets.
Then the sheets with bad habits are crumpled up and thrown into the bin.
So we will take the first step from getting rid of habits.
Today we learned what bad habits a person has and how to deal with them. Be careful with bad habits, they often lead to adverse consequences, or are harbingers of serious diseases.
In the end, guys, I want to give you a healthy lifestyle scheme
Try to follow this health chart and you will be on your way. long years keep youth and beauty. Every person should take care of their health. After all, no one will take care of you better than yourself.
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“Bad habits” are common behaviors that people repeat over and over again, despite the fact that they are not useful and even harmful.
3 slide
Alcohol defeat internal organs alcoholic gastritis, alcoholic pancreatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, alcoholic nephropathy, immune system disorders
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Alcoholism is a type of addiction characterized by a painful addiction to the use of alcoholic beverages and damage to internal organs in case of chronic alcohol abuse. In most cases, with alcoholism, the degradation of a person as a person occurs; loss of your inner self.
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Symptoms of the initial stage of alcoholism Attraction (thrust) to drink. Loss of quantitative control. Unlike healthy people and gourmets, an alcoholic is not interested in the taste of an alcoholic drink and the culture of drinking. The strength of the liquor is much more attractive to him, so he will prefer vodka or cheap fortified wine to light wine or champagne. Loss of protective gag reflex. Systematic intake of alcohol. This is the pattern of any disease, and the fact that alcoholism is a disease, not a bad habit, is an indisputable fact.
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Myth 1 With the help of alcohol you can quickly warm up Alcoholic drinks are often called intoxicants. Why? People are sure that alcohol has a warming effect. And for a frozen person, a sip of something strong is the best medicine. There is only a tiny fraction of the truth in such a statement. The fact is that about 50 grams of vodka or cognac help with cooling. They dilate blood vessels and normalize the blood supply to internal organs. Subsequent doses of alcohol increase blood flow in the skin. She blushes, there is a pleasant feeling of warmth. But it is very deceptive - after all, in this case, heat transfer increases, and the body begins to cool down even more. Moreover, a person retains a subjective feeling of complete well-being. So the warming effect of alcoholic beverages is greatly exaggerated.
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Myth 2 Alcohol increases appetite Alcohol really stimulates the appetite. But the appearance of a slight feeling of hunger is provoked only by strong drinks, and even then only small amounts of them. We are talking about 20-25 grams of vodka. It affects the saturation center and activates it. This whole process takes about 15-20 minutes, no less. Therefore, drinking "for appetite" right before a meal is fundamentally wrong. Indeed, in a matter of seconds, hunger will not appear: it takes a longer time. In addition, alcohol before meals is also not a way out. Alcohol will behave aggressively towards the mucosa of an empty stomach. He will also suffer from hydrochloric acid, the production of which will also increase. As a result, gastritis may develop. Isn't the price too high to eat with appetite?
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Myth 3 Alcohol relieves stress Often tired people try to cheer themselves up with alcohol. But in most cases this is done incorrectly. After all, you need to drink quite a bit - 20-30 ml of vodka or cognac or 40 ml of wine or martini. Such small doses relieve internal tension and help to relax. That, in general, corresponds to the concept of "relieve stress." Unfortunately, much more significant volumes of alcohol are most often used for this purpose. And here the scenario can develop in two ways. The first is that fatigue is aggravated, mood decreases, a kind of depression appears, which only enhances the feeling of inner fatigue. The second is alcoholic euphoria, which also inevitably ends in depression. In neither case is it necessary to speak of relief from stress. So if you really get rid of this scourge with the help of alcohol, then you need to do it wisely.
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Myth 4 Alcohol improves performance Many people believe that under the influence of alcohol it is easier to work than usual. This is not about the average, and even more so not about the severe degree of intoxication, when all reactions and feelings are dulled. Available in mind easy the degree at which thought processes are activated. But such a feeling is completely subjective, and this was recently proven by Australian scientists. With the help of experiments, they came to the most interesting conclusions. It turns out that in slightly intoxicated people the speed of mental and motor reactions can actually increase. But these reactions are often wrong. In addition, even small doses of alcohol cause a decrease in concentration and a deterioration in the quality of inferences. Thus, to work "under the degree" is more expensive for yourself. Maybe the work will be completed faster, but various kinds of errors will certainly appear in it.
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Myth 5 Alcohol lowers blood pressure Many hypertensive patients think that alcohol can lower blood pressure. He supposedly dilates blood vessels ... There is some truth in this statement - small doses of alcoholic beverages really weaken the tone of the vascular wall. But along with this, they increase the heart rate. And blood pressure directly depends on the volume of blood "pushed" into the bloodstream. The larger this volume, the higher the pressure. Therefore, alcohol should by no means be considered a cure for hypertension. The situation is aggravated by the fact that many alcoholic beverages contain biologically active substances. These compounds themselves can have an effect on blood pressure, and in most cases adverse.
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Myth 6 High-quality alcohol does no harm Any alcohol has a toxic effect on the body. This is due to the fact that one of the decomposition products of ethyl alcohol is acetaldehyde. It is he who creates various atrocities in the body. But low-quality alcohol affects the body even worse. After all, cheap strong drinks do not undergo proper purification, they contain fusel oils, which greatly enhance the toxic effect of alcohol. The same can be said for drinks. home production. And it seems that good water was used, and organic fruits or berries, but still the drink turns out to be much more harmful than a similar purchased one. And all because it is very difficult to clean alcohol at home. Of course, preference should be given to well-known and expensive brands, but one should not think that they will not affect health.
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Myth 7 Alcohol is a cure for colds Many people treat colds with vodka - with apples, with honey, with something else. It is believed that such a drug lowers the temperature, and stops the runny nose, and reduces the pain in the throat. Where this belief came from, no one knows. However, for some reason, many are sure that this is an old Russian recipe and that all our ancestors were treated in this way. It is possible that the Russians fought a cold with vodka. Another thing is important - modern medicine does not recognize this method. Firstly, "firewater" does not improve immunity in any way. Secondly, alcohol is far from the best way to affect the sore throat. It starts to hurt after the "treatment" even more. So there is no need to believe in the healing power of vodka. But you can drink a small amount of warm red wine. It at least has the ability to stimulate the body's immune system.
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Myth 8 Beer is not alcohol Now many people think that since beer is a low-alcohol drink, it does no harm to health. This is a catastrophic fallacy. There really isn't much alcohol in the beer. But this does not mean at all that this drink is harmless. It is also alcoholic, and therefore addictive. It is not for nothing that in recent years, more and more doctors talk about the so-called beer alcoholism. In addition, the intoxicating drink has a very bad effect on the liver and heart. These organs undergo regeneration and begin to function poorly. Given all this, in no case should you treat beer like lemonade. You can not absorb it daily liters. Such thoughtlessness will very quickly affect health.
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Myth 9 Alcohol has no calories Many women count all the calories they eat. And the calories you drink don't count. Meanwhile, alcohol has a very high energy value, and the stronger the drink, the greater this value. highest this indicator at the vodka The latter does not have nutritional properties, calories are introduced only due to alcohol. That is why it is very difficult to get rid of them. The situation is slightly different with wine. The energy value of this drink is partly due to carbohydrates, which are easily broken down and easily burned. Therefore, wine does not have such a detrimental effect on appearance. Nevertheless, any alcohol is very high-calorie. This rule knows no exceptions, so before drinking, you need to think not only about your health, but also about your figure.
Risk Factors and Consequences of Alcohol Abuse Alcohol Abuse Risk Factors Consequences In more than half of all homicides, the attacker, or the victim, or both, was intoxicated. The life expectancy of heavy drinkers is shortened by an average of fifteen years. About 10% of the annual number of deaths is related to alcoholism. Approximately two-thirds of cases of violence in the family are somehow related to alcohol abuse. Alcoholism dramatically reduces the quality of life of someone who suffers from this defect. Alcohol is involved in about half of all road accidents. Drinking parents. Gender (women drink faster). Age (every second alcoholic started drinking before the age of 14). The systematic use of alcohol. Neuropsychiatric disorders: epilepsy, hysteria, neuroses.
Disorders and consequences after taking drugs Effects of drugs on health Disorders that appear after 3 months of use Disorders that manifest themselves later Damage to the immune system - decreased immunity, metabolic disorders, high probability of infection with infectious hepatitis and HIV (AIDS) Damage to the central nervous system. In this case, there are: mental dependence, depression, acute psychosis. Damage to the reproductive system: menstruation stops in women, infertility occurs, impotence develops in men. Shortening life by 20-25 years. Weakness of the myocardium with an increased likelihood of heart attack and stroke. High mortality from overdose. Paleness, loss of skin elasticity, stratification of nails, hair loss, weight loss.
The material of the presentation presents a psychological lesson, which is aimed at forming a conscious attitude of students to their health, teaching active methods of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, promoting a healthy lifestyle.
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Slides captions:
Municipal budgetary educational institution "Secondary school No. 12" "Fight against bad habits" Psychological lesson in grade 9 "B" Teacher-psychologist: Klychkova Alla Ivanovna
Objectives: To form a conscious attitude of students to their health. Learn how to actively lead a healthy lifestyle. Promotion of healthy lifestyles.
Bad habits Smoking Alcoholism Drugs Substance abuse Sloppiness Television addiction Improper diet
Poverty is from laziness, and disease from intemperance
Diseases caused by smoking Caries
Oncological diseases
Observation results of 200 smokers and non-smokers smokers non-smokers nervous 14 1 hearing loss 13 1 poor memory 12 1 poor physical condition 12 2 poor mental condition 18 1 unclean 12 1 bad grades 18 3 think slowly 19 3
Cancer of the lower jaw
Cancer of the right cheek
Drugs destroy the entire human body
Remember guys! Eradicate bad habits! Promote healthy lifestyle life!
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