Presentation on the concept of sustainable development of ecology. Presentation: The concept of sustainable development is a new socio-economic paradigm. Development of the concept in the future
lesson type - combined
Methods: partially exploratory, problem presentation, reproductive, explanatory-illustrative.
Target:
Students' awareness of the significance of all the issues discussed, the ability to build their relationship with nature and society based on respect for life, for all living things as a unique and priceless part of the biosphere;
Tasks:
Educational: to show the multiplicity of factors acting on organisms in nature, the relativity of the concept of "harmful and beneficial factors", the diversity of life on planet Earth and the options for adapting living beings to the entire range of environmental conditions.
Developing: develop communication skills, the ability to independently acquire knowledge and stimulate their cognitive activity; the ability to analyze information, highlight the main thing in the studied material.
Educational:
To cultivate a culture of behavior in nature, the qualities of a tolerant person, to instill interest and love for wildlife, to form a stable positive attitude towards every living organism on Earth, to form the ability to see beauty.
Personal: cognitive interest in ecology. Understanding the need to gain knowledge about the diversity of biotic relationships in natural communities in order to preserve natural biocenoses. The ability to choose the target and semantic settings in their actions and deeds in relation to wildlife. The need for fair evaluation of one's own work and the work of classmates
cognitive: the ability to work with various sources of information, convert it from one form to another, compare and analyze information, draw conclusions, prepare messages and presentations.
Regulatory: the ability to organize independently the execution of tasks, evaluate the correctness of the work, reflection of their activities.
Communicative: participate in the dialogue in the classroom; answer questions from a teacher, classmates, speak to an audience using multimedia equipment or other means of demonstration
Planned results
Subject: know - the concepts of "habitat", "ecology", "environmental factors" their influence on living organisms, "connections of living and non-living";. Be able to - define the concept of "biotic factors"; characterize biotic factors, give examples.
Personal: make judgments, search and select information; analyze connections, compare, find an answer to problematic issue
Metasubject: links with such academic disciplines like biology, chemistry, physics, geography. Plan actions with a set goal; find the necessary information in the textbook and reference literature; to carry out the analysis of objects of nature; draw conclusions; formulate your own opinion.
Form of organization learning activities - individual, group
Teaching methods: visual and illustrative, explanatory and illustrative, partially exploratory, independent work with additional literature and textbook, with DER.
Receptions: analysis, synthesis, conclusion, transfer of information from one type to another, generalization.
Learning new material
The concept of sustainable development
Environmental degradation in many regions the globe and on the planet as a whole requires more and more energetic international efforts, the unification of all mankind to protect life on the planet.
In 1983, the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development, in its report "Our Common Future" called for " new era of economic development, safe for the environment”.
The Commission noted that "humanity has the ability to make development sustainable - to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs." Thus, the transition to sustainable forms of development that require a reasonable relationship with the environment is indispensable. The perspective on this path is opened by the extensive program "Agenda for the 21st century", adopted at the UN Conference on Environment and Development in June 1992 in Rio de Janeiro.
In the documents of the Conference, the first two theses are formulated as follows:
"All nations and all people will cooperate in the vital task of eliminating poverty as a necessary requirement in order to reduce inequalities in living standards and better meet the demands of the majority of the world's people."
“To achieve sustainable development and more High Quality life for all people, states should reduce and exclude environmentally unsustainable production and consumption and support the necessary population policies”.
The remaining theses of the Conference are directly or indirectly related to the first two. AT table No. 5, you can see the main issues discussed at the UN Conference in June 1992.
Man is a natural component of the biosphere, it arose as a result of its evolution, and, like all other species, the laws of the biosphere apply to it.
Mankind can exist on the planet only in a rather narrow range of its parameters. Like any other species, a person has his own ecological niche - a system of relationships with the environment, the laws of development, which a person needs to take into account in his activities. Departure from these laws can lead humanity to catastrophic consequences.
Thus, humanity today faces the important problem of developing a strategy for its survival on the planet. In this regard, N. N. Moiseev" defines sustainable development as "the implementation
The main directions of the "Agenda for the XXI century" (according to M. Keating)
STRATEGIES man, his path to the era of the noosphere, i.e. to the state of co-evolution of Society and Nature. At the same time, co-evolution should be understood as the joint evolution of social and natural systems united by close ecological systems.
ties, in which the evolution of one system depends on the evolution of another and
affects it at the same time. It should be noted that in science the problem of sustainable development has not yet found an unambiguous explanation accepted by all scientists. The concept of sustainable development today is still at the beginning of its theoretical and practical confirmation.
The main source of emissions into the atmosphere is the production and consumption of energy
In June 1997, the Regular Session of the UN General Assembly on the problems of environment and development, dedicated to the discussion of the outcomes of 5 summer period on the establishment of sustainable development of mankind (after the 1992 Conference in Rio de Janeiro).
Representatives of over 60 countries of the world took part in the forum. The Russian delegation was headed by Prime Minister V. S. Chernomyrdin. In his speech, he noted the priority of the problems of ecology, economy, the survival of mankind in the development strategic directions sustainable development of Russia.
Requests and tasks
1. Determine, in order of greatest importance, the social and environmental problems facing humanity
the uncontrolled spread of man populating the planet;
inequality in society;
hunger and malnutrition;
unemployment;
inflation;
energy crisis;
lack of natural resources;
outdated education system;
illiteracy of the population;
crime;
addiction;
nuclear weapons;
corruption among politicians;
bureaucracy;
degradation (destruction) natural environment;
the decline of moral values;
loss of faith in the future;
misunderstanding of the danger of environmental disasters;
military conflicts.
Try to justify your proposed ranking of contemporary problems.
2. List the main theses of the "21st Century Agenda" and give them your explanation.
3. Based on the definitions proposed in table No. 6, formulate your interpretation of the term "sustainable development".
Whatsuchsustainabledevelopment?
OConceptssustainabledevelopment
Sustainable development: new strategy planet earth
17 goalsinareassustainabledevelopment
Resources:
S. V. Alekseev. Ecology: Tutorial for 9th grade students of educational institutions different types. SMIO Press, 1997. - 320 p.
Presentation Hosting
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In the 80s. mankind has agreed on measures to prevent pollution: the concept of “wasteless production” has arisen, one of the practical steps taken by society to reduce pollution has been the signing of a number of agreements (Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution, Helsinki, 1985, Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Transportation of especially hazardous wastes and their disposal, 1987, etc.).
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In 1987, the World Commission on Environment and Development, set up three years earlier at the initiative of the UN General Assembly and chaired by Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland, made sustainable development the theme of its report entitled "Our Future".
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The activities of the International Commission on Environment and Development were based on a new triune concept of sustainable (environmental-socio-economic) development
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90s contributed to the understanding of mankind of the need to manage the state of the environment. The need to find new ways and approaches to minimize the anthropogenic impact is becoming increasingly obvious. The main of these ways to reduce the technogenic impact in the developed countries of the world has become the development of environmentally friendly efficient business and environmental management.
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Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
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Sustainable development includes two key concepts The concept of needs, including priority ones (necessary for the existence of the poorest segments of the population) The concept of restrictions imposed on the ability of the environment to meet the present and future needs of mankind.
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The concept of sustainable development is based on five main principles. 1.Humanity is truly capable of making development sustainable and long-term 2.The existing limitations in the field of exploitation of natural resources are relative 3.It is necessary to meet the basic needs of all people and provide everyone with the opportunity to realize their hopes for a more prosperous life
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4.Align the lifestyles of those who have more money with the environmental opportunities of the planet 5.The size and rate of population growth must be consistent with the changing productive potential of the Earth's global ecosystem The concept of sustainable development is based on five basic principles
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WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY? Environmentally sustainable development - development in which the well-being of people is ensured by preserving the sources of raw materials and the environment
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The strategy of sustainable ecological and economic development involves the rejection of extensive economic growth, based on the idea of the inexhaustibility of natural resources and the unlimited possibilities of the natural environment for self-healing according to the principle " maximum effect at minimal cost."
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There are 25 presentations in total in the topic
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in Russia in the second half of the 19th century. a peculiar mentality arose, now called Russian cosmism. Here are its main features: Man is an integral part of Nature; Man and Nature should not be opposed to each other, but considered in unity; A person and everything that surrounds him are particles of one (in this context, it is not so important that for some it is God, while for others it is the Universe).
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Already at the beginning of the XX century. V.I.Vernadsky began to say that the impact of man on the surrounding Nature is growing so rapidly that the time is not far off when he will turn into the main geological force. And as a consequence, he will have to take responsibility for the future development of Nature. The development of the environment and society will become inseparable. The biosphere will one day pass into the sphere of reason - into the noosphere. There will be a great unification, as a result of which the development of the planet will be directed by the power of Reason.
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“The biosphere of the 20th century is turning into a noosphere, created primarily by the growth of science, scientific understanding and based on it. social labor humanity... Explosion of scientific creativity<...>creates the transition of the biosphere into the noosphere,” writes Vernadsky in the 1930s. in the book Scientific Thought as a Planetary Phenomenon.
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The term "noosphere" was proposed in 1927 by the French mathematician and philosopher E. Leroy. The noosphere is a new, evolutionary state of the biosphere, in which the rational activity of man becomes the decisive factor in its development.
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Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
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Vernadsky's theory of the noosphere: man is not a self-sufficient living being, living separately according to his own laws, he coexists within nature and is part of it. Humanity itself is a natural phenomenon and it is natural that the influence of the biosphere affects not only the environment of life, but also the way of thinking. not only nature influences a person, there is also a feedback.
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Conditions necessary for the formation and existence of the noosphere: 1. Human settlement of the entire planet. 2. Dramatic transformation of the means of communication and exchange between countries. 3. Strengthening ties, including political ones, between all countries of the Earth. 4. The beginning of the predominance of the geological role of man over other geological processes occurring in the biosphere. 5. Expansion of the boundaries of the biosphere and access to space. 6. Discovery of new energy sources. 7. Equality of people of all races and religions. 8. Increasing the role of the masses in resolving issues of foreign and domestic policy.
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Conditions necessary for the formation and existence of the noosphere: 9. Freedom of scientific thought and scientific research from the pressure of religious, philosophical and political constructions and the creation in the state system of conditions favorable for free scientific thought. 10. A well-thought-out system of public education and an increase in the well-being of the working people. Creating a real opportunity to prevent malnutrition and hunger, poverty and greatly reduce disease. 11. Reasonable transformation of the primary nature of the Earth in order to make it capable of satisfying all the material, aesthetic and spiritual needs of the numerically growing population. 12. Exclusion of wars from the life of society.
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