The Federal Technical Service of the Russian Federation is headed. Federal Customs Service of Russia. Dossier. About the regulations of the federal customs service

TASS-DOSSIER. October 25, 2016 marks the 25th anniversary of the creation of the Russian customs service. This date is celebrated as the Day of the Customs Officer of the Russian Federation.

The Federal Customs Service (FCS) of the Russian Federation is the federal executive body that controls movement through customs border states individuals, items, goods, services and capital and collection from them customs duties and fees.

The department is fighting smuggling, carrying out transport, sanitary and veterinary control at checkpoints across the state border. The FCS has the authority to conduct investigative actions and preliminary inquiries in criminal cases related to smuggling and customs evasion.

The activities of the Federal Customs Service are managed by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation (according to the decree of the head of state dated January 15, 2016).

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On October 25, 1653, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich signed a decree "On the collection of customs duties on goods in Moscow and in cities, indicating how many and from what goods", which laid the foundation for the creation of a unified customs system in Russia. This date was established on August 4, 1995 by the decree of the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin as a professional holiday of customs officers.

In the second half of the 17th century. the collection of customs revenues was handled by the Order of the Grand Treasury; during the Peter the Great's reforms, the customs service came under the jurisdiction of the Commerce Collegium, created in 1715.

With the formation in 1802 in Russian Empire the system of ministries, the customs service was subordinated to the Ministry of Commerce. Since 1811, after its liquidation, the management of customs was transferred to the Department of Foreign Trade of the Ministry of Finance. In 1827, a border customs guard was established at the ministry.

After the October Revolution of 1917, a state monopoly of foreign trade was declared in Soviet Russia. The customs service came under the control of the Main Directorate, created in 1918 customs control People's Commissariat (People's Commissariat) of Trade and Industry. In 1920, the department was transformed into the People's Commissariat for Foreign Trade. From 1946 to 1988 it was part of the system of the USSR Ministry of Foreign Trade.

On February 12, 1986, for the first time in Russian history, an independent customs department was created - the Main Directorate of State Customs Control under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. 1986-1989 it was headed by Vladimir Bazovsky.

On October 25, 1991, the State Customs Committee of the RSFSR was formed (from December 25, 1991, the Russian Federation), which functioned until 2004. The post of its head in 1991-1998 was occupied by Anatoly Kruglov. In 1994, the committee was assigned the function of a federal executive body in charge of direct management of customs in Russia.

On March 9, 2004, the State Customs Committee was transformed into the Federal Customs Service, subordinate to the Ministry economic development RF. By the decree of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin of May 11, 2006, the FCS was directly subordinate to the government of the Russian Federation. On September 16, 2013, the current service regulation was approved.

By the decree of the President of the Russian Federation of February 2, 2015, part of the functions in the field of currency control were transferred to the Federal Customs Service of Russia from the liquidated Federal Service financial and budgetary supervision. In 2006-2016. the head of the FCS was Andrey Belyaninov.

Functions

Among the main functions of the FCS of Russia: control over the observance of customs legislation; foreign exchange transactions; customs value of goods; compliance with prohibitions and restrictions on goods imported into the Russian Federation and exported outside of it; collection of customs and other duties, taxes, fees, penalties, interest; maintenance and publication of customs statistics of foreign trade of the Russian Federation.

Structure and leadership

The FCS is headed by a leader appointed and dismissed by the government. Since July 28, 2016, this post has been held by Vladimir Bulavin. The head of the department has five deputies, while the deputy head in charge of operational-search work has the right to make independent decisions.

Currently, in the structure of the central office of the FCS, there are 20 departments for the main types of activities (of which eight are the main ones). Also, the FCS system includes eight regional and four specialized regional customs departments, 87 customs and 551 customs posts. The FCS has representative offices in 20 foreign countries.

The structure of the department includes customs universities (Russian customs academy and its three branches), manufacturing enterprises, medical institutions.

Actual number officials Federal Customs Service in 2015 was 55 thousand 7 people. According to Rosstat, at the end of 2015, 817 state civil servants worked in the central office of the department, their average wage amounted to 81 thousand rubles.

In 2016, 68 billion 290 million rubles were allocated for the maintenance in the federal budget of the Russian Federation for the maintenance of the FCS.

Activity

At the end of 2015, the amount of income federal budget received as a result of the activities of the customs service amounted to 5 trillion 8 billion rubles. (in 2014 - 7 trillion 101 billion rubles) or 36.68% of the budget revenues.

In 2015, after the release of goods, the customs control units carried out 7 thousand 678 verification measures in relation to legal entities, individuals and individual entrepreneurs... Based on their results, additional customs payments were charged in the amount of 8.9 billion rubles. Debts for previous years were recovered in the amount of RUB 11.4 billion.

Based on the results of the operational and investigative activities of the FCS, in 2015, 1 thousand 746 criminal cases and 85 thousand 523 cases of administrative offenses were initiated.

Official publications

The Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation publishes the departmental magazine "Customs" twice a month. Also, a monthly bulletin "Customs Vedomosti" is issued, which publishes official documents of the FCS.

Awards and symbols

Among the awards of the department are four medals, including "For diligence", "For service in customs authorities" (three degrees), etc., as well as seven badges ("Honorary Customs Officer of Russia", "Excellence in Customs Service", etc.) ... In addition, the FCS encourages its employees with departmental certificates of honor and gratitude. On December 3, 1994, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin, the flag and emblem of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation were approved.

) is a federal executive body that, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, exercises control and supervision functions in the field of customs, as well as the functions of a currency control agent and special functions to combat smuggling, other crimes and administrative offenses.

On May 11, 2006, by decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the Federal Customs Service was transferred to the subordination of the Government of the Russian Federation. Previously, the FCS of Russia was subordinate to the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade.

Functions of the FCS

By Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 459 of July 26, 2006, the following main functions are assigned to the FCS:

• maintaining registers of persons, organizations and objects included in the field of customs ( customs brokers, objects of intellectual property, etc.)
• issuance of certificates and permits for the right to operate in certain areas of customs
• determination of the order and direct implementation customs clearance and control
• classification of goods in accordance with the commodity nomenclature foreign economic activity(TN VED) (as well as maintaining TN VED), determination of the country of origin and customs value of goods and vehicles transported across the customs border of the Russian Federation
• law enforcement - combating offenses in the field of customs
• some of the advisory services provided on free of charge to participants of foreign economic activity

The function of collecting customs payments - customs duties and customs duties - stands out. Along with internal taxes and income from state property management, customs payments are one of the main types of federal budget revenues. So, for January 2008 customs authorities 274.77 billion rubles were transferred to the federal budget.

Territorial structure of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation

• Regional customs offices(correspond to federal districts of the Russian Federation)
• Regional customs (often, but not always corresponding to the subjects of the Russian Federation)
• Customs posts
• Centrally subordinated customs (for example, Moscow airport customs, Central excise customs, etc.)

Information Technology

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2013: The arrears of the Russian customs amounted to $ 40 billion

The Russian budget only in 2013 did not receive $ 40 billion from customs, the scientists of the RAS calculated according to the methodology developed by them, RBC reports. The use of this methodology made it possible to reveal significant discrepancies in the data of foreign trade for imports and exports.

Scientists who conducted the research used, in particular, data from the system of customs and banking currency control of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and the method of "mirror statistics". Comparing total amount payments and the invoice value of the import and export of goods from Russia, declared by the customs authorities, the scientists determined the total amount of the underestimated value when declaring, and then used the "mirror statistics" method to check the primary data.

According to the Federal Customs Service, in 2013 6 trillion 564.56 billion rubles were transferred to the federal budget. In 2014, the collection of customs duties increased by almost 7 percent - up to 7 trillion rubles. In January-February 2015, the FCS reduced payments to the budget by 20 percent compared to the same period a year earlier.

The FCS accounts for about half of all federal budget receipts. The deficit of the Russian federal budget in 2015 is projected at the level of three percent

Vladimir Bulavin has always been a man of his word. He promised himself, his wife, his mistress to become a billionaire and ... became. Naturally, not in dollar, but only in rubles, but how much power is in the hands and the job is not dusty. The general fortune of Vladimir Ivanovich Bulavin, according to the data of the “non-corruptionist” Navalny, is 2.5 billion rubles. Not a lot, as for an old-timer, you say, but not a little, you will agree.

Customs is one of the most corrupt places in Russia. Just imagine the volume of goods transported every day, as well as the volume of contraband, which is already found on store shelves. You have to understand that we are facing a serious business, which is built according to a vertical scheme - from ordinary employees cash flows go upstairs, and then accumulate in apartments, similar to the one that was contained by the previous head of the FCS Andrei Belyaninov.

Economic security, like the replenishment of the Russian budget, largely depends on the federal customs service. Everything that crosses the border and ends up in Russia for the purpose of further sale, first of all meets with customs officers, the website Ustav.net writes.

Pay attention to Russian realities It is easy to understand that the FCS could not help but turn into a hotbed of corruption. At customs posts and at airports, wherever customs officers exercised control, legends about "stable taxes" appeared - how much in dollars do employees charge for smuggling in one volume or another. Ordinary customs officers play the role of "runners", directly receiving money from smugglers, then, like in a pyramid, the money goes up to the management of the customs.

But this is only a version, while the actual facts will be even more terrible. Until 2016, he was in charge of the Federal Customs Service Andrey Belyaninov... Mr. Belyaninov was one of the key characters in the formation of the sad image of the customs.

Although he quit his job on their own however, this event was preceded by something else. Namely, searches in the office and two private houses, during which they found 60 million rubles and jewelry. Considering that the official salary of the head of the FCS in Russia barely reaches 45 thousand, it is easy to understand that the general's income is unearned. Even taking into account all the regalia and rank.

Andrey Belyaninov came out dry

Thus, Belyaninov left a thoroughly corrupt department, which really rotted "from the head". He was replaced by an FSB general, a Chekist, the same age as Vladimir Putin, and indeed having, at first glance, much in common with the president Vladimir Bulavin... Prior to that, Bulavin held the post of Plenipotentiary Representative in the Northwestern Federal District, and all of his earlier labor activity goes back to the KGB and the FSB.

Vladimir Bulavin has been getting richer every year since taking office

It is easy to understand that the primary task of Vladimir Bulavin as head of the FCS, to which he was appointed on July 28, 2016, was to restore order. The general himself spoke about this in passing, noting that his work directly affects the security of the state, as well as the replenishment of the budget. And these two factors are fundamental for the government and the president in the current foreign policy conditions. So it is difficult to overestimate Bulavin's mission.

Who is he - Vladimir Ivanovich Bulavin?

True, in the almost two full years that Vladimir Bulavin has been in office, a real revolution in the department has not happened. The scale of corruption began to be spoken out loud less, and it would be strange if such “subtle matters” became the subject of idle talk.

But what is much more surprising is that Vladimir Bulavin was unable to nullify the conflict between the Federal Customs Service and the FSB, although, it would seem, more ideal performer this role is difficult to find. Moreover, the tension between the departments only exacerbated ...

The old Chekist is not in authority?

Changes in the FCS leadership are intended not so much to pacify smuggling as to end the chaotic conflict between customs and the Federal Security Service. The fact that the FSB is the most influential power structure in Russia has already been proven. But the former chief customs officer with one sweeping gesture gave the FSB a slap, which led to subsequent reshuffles.

The previous head of the Federal Customs Service, Andrey Belyaninov, was dismissed at his own request

Vladimir Bulavin

Photo: official website of the President of the Russian Federation

Moscow. July 28th. site - Vladimir Bulavin has been appointed the new head of the Federal Customs Service instead of Andrei Belyaninov. The corresponding order is published on the government website.

Bulavin earlier Thursday by decree of President Vladimir Putin from the post of plenipotentiary representative of the head of state in the Northwestern Federal District.

Resignation after a search

Belyaninov, who will turn 60 in a year, has headed the FCS since May 2006. Prior to that, he worked in foreign intelligence, headed Rosoboronexport, the Federal Service for Defense Orders.

In January 2016, by presidential decree, the Federal Customs Service was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance, before that the FCS was directly subordinate to the government. The transfer of the FCS to the Ministry of Finance was accompanied by active rumors about personnel changes and a possible change of the head of the department.

On Tuesday, ICR spokesman Vladimir Markin said that investigators searched Belyaninov and his deputies Ruslan Davydov and Andrey Strukov as part of an investigation into the alcohol smuggling case initiated against the general director of the Forum holding Dmitry Mikhalchenko. In addition, according to him, the searches took place at the place of residence and work of the President of the LLC. Insurance Company Arsenal "Sergei Lobanov," which is the founder of at least 15 different firms, whose activities are closely related to the FCS. "

Markin noted that the investigative actions were carried out within the framework of the investigation of a criminal case initiated under Article 200.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (illegal movement of alcoholic products across the customs border on a large scale, non-payment of customs payments) against the general director of the Forum holding company Mikhalchenko, his deputy Boris Korevsky, Deputy General Director of KontRail Logistic North-West LLC Anatoly Kindzerskiy and Director of Yugo-Vostochnaya LLC trade company"Ilya Pichko.

During the search, Belyaninov was seized cash in different currencies for a total amount of about 60 million rubles and jewelry. The head of the FCS explained that he had large sums of personal savings.

Biography Bulavin

Bulavin was born in 1953 in the Lipetsk region. Graduated from the Moscow Institute of Railway Engineers in 1975. From 1975 to 1977 he worked as a design engineer at the Voskhod Pavlovsk machine-building plant.

Since 1977 he worked in the state security agencies, in 1979 he graduated from the Higher School of the Red Banner of the KGB of the USSR (Academy of the FSB of the Russian Federation). He served in the Nizhny Novgorod region. Since 1992 - Head of the UMB-UFSK-UFSB RF for the Nizhny Novgorod Region.

Since 2001 - Chairman of the Council of Heads of the FSB of Russia in the Volga Federal District. In 2006, he was appointed Deputy Director of the Russian FSB - Chief of Staff of the National Anti-Terrorism Committee.

Since 2008 - First Deputy Secretary of the Security Council of the Russian Federation.

On March 11, 2013, by presidential decree, he was appointed to the post of presidential envoy in the North-West Federal District.

Colonel General. Candidate of Legal Sciences. Bulavin was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, For Military Merit, the badges "Honorary Counterintelligence Officer", "For Service in Counterintelligence, Second Class."

Supervisor Belyaninov Andrey Yurievich.

Graduated from the Moscow Institute of National Economy. Plekhanov.

Worked in the financial and banking sector, Foreign Intelligence Service Russian Federation.

Dealt with issues of military-technical cooperation between Russia and foreign countries as a deputy general director in economics of FSUE Promexport (1999-2000) and General Director of FSUE Rosoboronexport (2000-2004)

2004 - 2006 Director of the Federal Service for Defense Orders.

Acting State Counselor of the Customs Service of the Russian Federation.

Doctor of Economics, Honored Economist of Russia.

First Deputy Head Federal Customs Service Malinin Vladimir Mikhailovich.

Deputy the head Federal Customs Service Komlichenko Sergey Grigorievich.

State Secretary - Deputy Head Federal Customs Service Golendeeva Tatiana Nikolaevna.

Deputy Head Federal Customs Service Vasiliev Alexander Vasilievich.

Deputy Head Federal Customs Service Shokhin Sergey Olegovich.

Deputy Head Federal Customs Service Ruslan Davydov.

Federal Customs Service Regulations

The regulations of the Federal Customs Service were approved by Order of the Federal Customs Service of Russia dated November 28, 2007 No. 1479

Federal customs service order

About the regulations of the federal customs service

(as amended by Orders of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation of November 27, 2008 No. 1489,

dated 24.12.2009 No. 2376, dated 01.06.2011 No. 1163)

In order to implement the provisions of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 11, 2006 N 473 "Issues of the Federal Customs Service" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2006, N 20, Art. 2162) and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 26, 2006 No. 459 "On the Federal Customs Service" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2006, N 32, Art. 3569) I order:

1. To approve the attached Regulation of the Federal Customs Service (hereinafter referred to as the Regulation).

2. To recognize as invalid the Order of the Federal Customs Service of Russia dated December 2, 2005 No. 1130 "On the Regulations of the Federal Customs Service" (registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on February 2, 2006, reg. No. 7438).

3. To the heads of structural divisions of the central office of the FCS of Russia:

a) bring the existing legal acts of the FCS of Russia in line with the provisions of the Regulation;

b) ensure compliance with the provisions of the Regulations.

4. Control over the implementation of this Order shall be entrusted to the Secretary of State - Deputy Head of the FCS of Russia S.O. Shokhin.

Head Acting State Adviser of the Customs Service of the Russian Federation A.Yu. BEELIANINOV

Appendix

to the Order of the Federal Customs Service of Russia