home Instagram Get start-up capital business development. What initial capital is needed to open a business. What is needed to receive start-up capital from the state

Get start-up capital business development. What initial capital is needed to open a business. What is needed to receive start-up capital from the state

As a fan of searching on the Internet various ideas for private business, I came to one simple conclusion. Without own funds indispensable in any field of activity, even in mediation. That's why I wrote this article about where to get start-up capital and one more ()

This begs an elementary question: where to get the notorious first initial capital if it doesn't exist?

This question is especially of concern, perhaps, to people full of brilliant ideas and grandiose plans, generalized by the now fashionable word “startup”. And among them, I single out for myself the following main categories:

- final-year students who have heard about the "startup" movement from teachers and classmates. They often even go to special meetings and are full of all sorts of original ideas (it's just a pity that few of them come to life);

- programmers can be singled out as a separate link among students, and even more experienced specialists. As a rule, they are either looking for partners to implement a project, or they want to join an existing project and help in its promotion;

— mid-level managers inspired by stories of fast start-ups and get-rich-quick;

- corporate start-ups, organized in a kind of entrepreneurial corporations. This is a fashionable and actively developing direction.

There are still plenty of “subspecies” of startups, but, leaving the theory behind, let’s move on to practice, i.e. to the issue of investment.

Relatives or friends

The easiest way is to borrow money from relatives, friends or just solvent acquaintances (the latter, however, may be interested in receiving a percentage of future profits).

The latter are gradually merging into the category of professional startup investors. It seems to be an excellent, and most importantly, fashionable idea - to finance startups. The only pity is that there are very few people with a professional approach to this issue, and amateurs, as a rule, do not set clear rules and are not too loyal to the failures of their “wards”.

Such investors can be conditionally divided into two categories - good and evil "angels". Everything seems to be clear with the good ones: the desire to invest in any project is based primarily on sports interest and a real desire to help in the undertaking, and secondly, on the profit received in the future.

"Evil" "angel investors" immediately clearly dot the "and". And in the end, under the pretext of minimizing their risks and additional motivation, a startup may be required to receive 50% of the amount in return and 25% as a pledge + clear deadlines for the implementation of the business plan. As a result of such "draconian" conditions, one can simply lose an established and promoted business, because profits from it will go in a completely different direction.

Subsidies

The next source of investment that I would like to mention, unfortunately, is now available in reality only to residents of the capital and large metropolitan areas. These are subsidies issued by the Department of Science, Industrial Policy and Entrepreneurship. According to rumors, it is difficult to get a subsidy there, but it is quite realistic, because. the scheme is very transparent and devoid of corruption moments.

If a product or project has already been developed and lives its own life, but for some reason does not sell very successfully, then participation in the competition is a great way to make yourself known, such a kind of test-checking your capabilities and an additional way to "light up" in front of investors.

The result of the competition for its winner in some cases can be not only funding, but also support in the form of the necessary contacts, office space, etc. Such assistance, as a rule, is provided by an accelerator fund, which is a kind of mixture of a competitive basis and a venture fund.

Funds

Continuing the conversation about the latter, it is worth recognizing that this is a very fashionable trend now, and therefore it is very actively growing. You can divide them into funds that give the so-called. seed (the aforementioned accelerator funds) and late funding.

Funds that provide late funding typically expect stable and dynamic sales from a startup, and therefore there are many more of them than seed funds.

On the modern market the following largest funds can be distinguished: Glavstart, AdVenture, InCubeAccelarator, TexDrive, Farminers. I repeat once again: a venture fund in itself is now an excellent way to earn money, which, of course, requires certain knowledge and developments.

Business incubators

Of course, it is worth mentioning strategic investors, who, of course, finance already fairly well-promoted projects that can hardly be called startups.

Investment options include business incubators. Of course, a well-known venture specialist from the USA, Nabar Afeyan, once called incubators a place for weak children (startups are meant), the strong ones must survive on their own. This statement, in my opinion, is quite far from the truth. A business incubator can be an excellent runway for businesses of any level.

Its essence lies in the fact that a novice entrepreneur is very preferential terms or even such services as office rent, accounting, consulting, etc. are provided free of charge.

In addition, an important “plus” of the incubator is the presence of “similars” nearby, which results in the exchange of ideas and data, the solution of common problems, and simply the spirit of healthy competition.

Summing up everything that has been said above, I cannot ignore such a subtle point as the ability to talk with investors. And it's not as easy as it seems at first glance. An improperly constructed process of attracting investments can greatly delay the result or even backfire.

It’s great if there is a person in the team who knows how to build communication with the investor in the right direction. If this is not available, then it makes sense to resort to the services of an investment broker. With all the positive aspects, the price of their services is a pleasant surprise, because. fluctuates in the range of 3-5% of the amount attracted to the business.

And what opportunities for obtaining start-up capital can you add?

Who wouldn't want to own big company? Perhaps, no one would refuse such an opportunity, but the problem, as always, lies in one thing - finances. Wanting to start a business and become an entrepreneur is one thing, but being able to do it is quite another. For a good cause you need good investment otherwise there will be no business. Where to get start-up capital for a business will be discussed further.

Size is everything!

First you need to decide how much money you need to implement the idea. Of course, to decide, there must be a specific business project. Becoming a businessman is a great dream, but it is not enough, you need specifics. Thus, before thinking about where to get start-up capital for a business, you need to come up with a project for this very business.

It is traditional to divide all companies into small, medium and large, but these groups are quite flexible, and, say, a small business can cost either 30,000 rubles or 50,000 dollars. Before proceeding with the execution of the idea, approximately estimate how much all the equipment necessary for work, office rent, employee salaries, etc. will cost. Also take into account that the business is unlikely to be profitable in the first month, so it is recommended to have funds available that can cover at least 6 months of the company's operation.

Where to get start-up capital for business? Real possibilities:

Entrepreneurs often take loans to develop their business. This is the simplest option in terms of execution, but a number of problems immediately arise.

Firstly, loans are not issued to everyone, especially if you are unemployed. Whatever plans you have in your head, and modern banks believe only statements about wages from the place of work.

Secondly, the loan must be repaid, and with interest, which creates great risks for a young businessman. If his idea fails, and this, believe me, happens quite often, then he will be in a debt hole, and it will be very difficult to get out of it.

Even if everything works out, however, the profit will not be enough to pay interest, the business may fall apart just because of this. For the above reasons, loans are not very popular among entrepreneurs, and are often the last option if it was not possible to attract start-up capital in another way.

As a kind of credit, you can allocate loans from friends and acquaintances. In this case, the conditions for you will be more loyal, and if the business fails, then nothing particularly terrible will happen. True, not everyone has acquaintances who are able to lend such a decent amount.

A more acceptable option is to attract investors. An investor, unlike a lender, does not demand money back and does not impose any liability on you. These people simply buy a part of your business, become partial owners, and subsequently receive a share in the profits. The option is very tempting, but finding an investor is not the easiest thing, and if it works out, then your sponsor will most likely take a decent share in the company, if not all, leaving you as a nominee director.

Another option for getting start-up capital is to make money on a less grandiose project. In fact, you can open a business even without investments. Yes, at the same time you will not have employees, you will have to work at home and attract each client literally with your own hands, but then you will have the opportunity to earn the first money and put it on a more global project.

The same applies to those people who have the initial capital to start a small business, but they want to become the owners of a medium or large company. Start small, earn money, gain experience, and then take on something bigger. Of course, all this will take time, and not a little.

The last option that will be described in this article is financial exchanges. If you look into history and study the biographies of famous American billionaires, you will notice that many of them started from financial exchanges, trading on Wall Street.

It was on this that they made the first money, and only then went to big business. The same can be done in modern world, and much easier. For changing stock exchange came Forex and stock exchange binary options, where you can trade directly from home via the Internet. You do not have to have thousands of dollars, you can start with a few hundred bucks, and then rise to the level of a wealthy person in a short time.

But why, then, on these exchanges, many do not earn, but lose money?

It's all about mentality common man who believes in the "good uncle" and believes that the broker will earn money for him. He does not prepare for trading on the stock exchange, does not have his own trading strategy, and treats trading not as a job, but as a game.

Of course, there is nothing surprising that such people lose on the stock exchange, and do not earn. But this does not mean at all that it is impossible to make money at all, especially for motivated people who want to open their own business and are looking for start-up capital for this.

Proper preparation is a guarantee of your success in Forex or the options exchange. You should have a basic understanding of trading, a trading strategy for beginners, and a reliable broker. Training should not take more than 10 hours in total, and after you finish, you will have every chance to earn start-up capital for your business, and not only for small company, but also for a very decent one.

It is best to get trained on a resource led by professional market players. One of these is PAMM-TRADE. Here you will find educational articles written by professional traders who have already made money.

Time is money!

Do not forget this simple phrase, because a person does not have much time to waste.

On average, only 25 years a person has the opportunity to develop, the rest of his life he can only work for maintenance.

Why all this?

In addition, you should not save a thousand rubles every month, in the intention of getting start-up capital for a business in 20 years. Time will pass, and you will lose the desire to become a businessman. If you decide to go down this path - act right now, try to earn as much as you can, and you will definitely succeed.

The one who tries always succeeds, and the one who sits still, cautious and looking closely for several years before rushing into battle, never has time to do anything. Business is like a high-speed race, if you slow down, you will not beat your competitors.

Little story!

In the end, I want to tell a story that I recently read on a site on the Internet. This is a story about a man who dreamed of getting into big business, did not have the funds for this, but went his own way no matter what.

Stanislav Ragozin was born in the family of an entrepreneur, but not too rich. After the death of his father, his part of the inheritance was enough to open a small shop. It did not bring him much profit and was not able to become a large company.

Then Stanislav took up stock trading, found a professional trader, learned to trade from him, and after 3 years earned more than a million dollars. Now he has money to open a large company, which he intends to do. By the way, Stanislav's mentor is the creator and founder of the http://pamm-trade.com portal, Viktor Samoilov.

Now, I think, all of you know where to get start-up capital for a business. You have several options, and which one to choose is entirely up to you. The main thing is to never give up and do everything to achieve the goal.

Difficulties with initial capital are a traditional problem for novice businessmen. Actually, in 90% of cases, it is the lack of start-up capital that is the reason why the business is never opened. On the other hand, many business gurus reasonably point out that the problem of "not enough money for business" is not only a problem for beginners. Money is never enough. Any large and successful company will always find a dozen projects that could give excellent results - but there is not enough money.

That is, the reason not to open your own business “I don’t have the funds for this” is nothing more than an excuse. However, you cannot build a business without initial capital. Let's try to find real ways to raise funds.

Ways to get start-up capital

There are not so many of these ways, so every novice entrepreneur can at least try to use all these opportunities once or sequentially.

Actually, there are exactly two ways.

Path one - informal funding

Classic formula: 3F: family, friends and fools (family, friends, fools). Roughly speaking, this is a loan from relatives or acquaintances or the involvement of wealthy people with whom you do not know much (“fools”). "Fools" - because having money, they do not have ideas for their increase or simply do not really need it (well, or mother laziness). Although, mainly the unflattering name is associated with a high risk of financing start-up entrepreneurs, as well as the fact that people who have no business experience cannot objectively evaluate a particular project. And often they really give money to a lost cause.

On the other hand, being a "fool" is not so bad. Often, for a fairly modest investment at the initial stage of business development, such people receive a solid piece of a prosperous company. Everyone knows the story of how the founders of Google offered 10% of their future company to the owner of the garage where they started. However, as already mentioned, the risks are appropriate.

This brief digression into the concept of business fools (sometimes, on the contrary, they are called "business angels") is needed in order for you to understand who you have to work with (since you are reading this article, it is clear that you need money).

This way - "money by acquaintance" has many shortcomings. It captivates with its simplicity, but many businessmen who started this way mention the numerous problems that arose during communication, up to complete disagreements. An important point: it is unlikely that it will be possible to attract significant capital.

Lending in banks, obtaining a loan from special funds

Accordingly, the second way is to knock out money from special organizations. Despite the presence of obvious disadvantages (primarily psychological - it is always easier to turn to friends for help), this option also has significant advantages. These include:

the conditions for obtaining a loan are quite standard - there is no risk of "overpayment" in the form of a huge piece of the future business, which often has to be given to "fools";
bank specialists will evaluate your business plan and, possibly, find its weaknesses, which could result in serious financial losses in the future;
you can immediately raise large funds, which greatly saves time (which is money!).

How to secure financing for your business at profitable, good conditions and tells this one. All of its materials are aimed precisely at facilitating obtaining a loan for a sufficiently long period with a low interest rate. Read other articles for specific tips and tricks!

In this material:

Owning a business is the dream of every aspiring entrepreneur. There are many obstacles on the way to starting your own business. The main one is money. Not everyone has start-up capital for a small business. It stops entrepreneurs. However, finding the money to start is not so difficult. In addition, there are types of businesses that do not require any investment.

Sources of start-up capital for starting a business

Own funds

Having your own funds to start a business is the best option. This option deprives the entrepreneur of the hassle associated with finding start-up capital.

The advantages of own investments are obvious:

saving time - there is no need to negotiate with investors;
do not have to borrow money;
less risk;
lack of debt.

If the required amount is not available, but the opportunities allow you to accumulate it, this is also a good option. However, it also has a significant disadvantage - until the required amount is collected, the idea may become irrelevant or one of the competitors will use it.

If the entire amount is not available, and the startup already needs to be launched, you need to look for other sources of business financing.

Money raised by family and friends

Friends and relatives are the best sources for borrowing money. It is always easier to negotiate with them, they do not have to pay interest. In case of failure, the return time can be rescheduled to a later date.

In addition, lead business negotiations with familiar people is always easier and more pleasant. They don't have to show detailed business plan. They will not have to account for every penny, explaining what exactly this or that part of the funds will be spent on.

REFERENCE: Vanessa Nornberg, president of Metal Mafia, took money to start a business from friends and relatives. With the help of her relatives, she managed to raise $150,000. This amount was enough for a successful start.

However, it is important to remember that more than 80% of companies close in the first year of operation. Therefore, it is necessary to objectively assess your own strengths and risks, because the money will still have to be returned.

Help from the state

The number of opening enterprises in Russia is growing every year. The state is interested in the development of small and medium-sized businesses - these are the main taxpayers in the country. At their expense, the lion's share of the state budget is formed. In addition, this is due to the emergence of new jobs, as well as growing competition in the market for goods and services. Competition improves the quality of goods and helps reduce their prices.

The state is trying to support business. Entrepreneurship largely depends on economic development countries, so business subsidies are a priority economic policy states.

IMPORTANT! The advantage of subsidizing is that it is free of charge - if all conditions are met, the state does not need to return anything.

but state support not every entrepreneur can get. The government does not support all categories of business.

In addition, the state establishes a number of requirements for the entrepreneur:

The business must survive for at least two years after the grant.
The entrepreneur undertakes to regularly pay taxes.
He has no debts in the tax, he has not previously been seen in tax evasion.
Within two months after receiving the subsidy, a report on the use of funds is submitted to the Employment Center. The report confirms that the money is spent for its intended purpose. It partially reflects financial section business plan that the entrepreneur submitted for government assistance.

IMPORTANT! If the financial report does not correspond to the business plan, the money received will have to be returned. Therefore, it is recommended to use them only for their intended purpose.

Directions entrepreneurial activity who can count on assistance from the state:

production of consumer goods;
development of agriculture;
business related to housing and communal services;
innovative activity, production of goods for the development of science and technology.

Business development assistance is available at:

City administration. For this you need to contact economic department. He will provide all the necessary information and requirements for obtaining subsidies.
Entrepreneurship Support Fund. The organization is served ready business plan. The Fund's employees study it and, if approved, recommend allocating money for its implementation.
Employment Center.
State Venture Fund. Such funds give preference to innovative products, allocate money for the development of new technologies. In addition, actively funded medical projects as well as the energy sector.

List of documents required to receive a grant:

the passport;
TIN code;
insurance certificate;
certificate of income from the last place of work;
diploma of education;
employment history;
marital status document;
application for receiving assistance from the state;
finished business plan.

Bank loan

A bank loan is the most common type of raising start-up capital to start a business.

REFERENCE: 15% of small businesses cease their activities in the first year of operation. 5% can last for several years. Only 10% pay for themselves and turn into profitable business.

This disappointing statistic is one of the key reasons why banks are reluctant to lend to small businesses - they don't want to deal with businesses whose future is uncertain.

A secured loan is easier to obtain, but it is too risky, so it should not be considered.

Nevertheless, there are plenty of credit programs for business development in Russian banks. And every novice entrepreneur can use them.

Obtaining a loan is a complex and lengthy procedure. One desire to become successful businessman not enough. Banks have established criteria and requirements that an entrepreneur-borrower must meet.

The main ones are:

Having a business plan. The document is drawn up in as much detail as possible, every little thing is signed. The economic strategy and the financial component of the future enterprise are described in detail. A detailed analysis of the market, calculations of investments and expected profit are carried out. The business plan is written as detailed as possible, but at the same time concisely, without indenting from the topic. Novice entrepreneurs order business plans from professionals.
Net credit history. Bad credit conditions - a guarantee that the bank will not issue a loan. Most likely, he will not even consider the application.
Collateral property or the presence of a guarantor. A business loan is a big deal. The bank takes risks and tries to minimize them. They take liquid property as collateral, especially real estate, securities, expensive equipment, vehicles.
Documentation. First, all business documentation is collected, and only after that follows an appeal to the bank. The more documents, the greater the likelihood of a positive response from the outside financial institution. We are talking about documents reflecting the activities of the future enterprise - licenses, contracts with contractors, permits, tax certificates, etc.

To get a loan you need:

Choose a bank with the maximum favorable conditions. But it is better to choose several at once. Most likely, there will be failures, so you need to have fallback options. It is also important to pay attention to the reputation of the bank. It can be studied by reviews on the Internet, view the rating in the catalogs of banks.
Collect a package of all necessary documents.
Apply. It is not necessary to visit the bank. Large banks have Internet services through which the application is processed remotely. The templates are similar to each other, so it will not be difficult to apply to different credit organizations.
Enter into a contract.

IMPORTANT! To get a loan, as a first payment, you will have to make an amount from 10% to 30% of total amount loan. Money must be found in advance and confirmed their availability.

Funds

The main function of venture funds is investments in promising business areas.

The venture fund works according to the scheme:

Search promising directions for investment - start-ups, unique business projects.
Their study, detailed analysis.
Selection of the most promising, according to analysts, objects for investment.
Development of a development strategy for the future enterprise.
Issuance of company shares. A part of the shares is redeemed by a venture fund, thus investing in the development of the project. At the same time, the controlling stake always remains with the owner of the company so that he does not have a direct dependence on the fund.
The company is developing.
The fund receives dividends from shares, sells them on stock exchanges.

This method of attracting investments is the most convenient. There is no dependence on banks, there are no debt obligations that need to be repaid monthly.

Advantages of venture funds:

no need to pay interest;
guarantors and collateral are not needed;
funds are partners of the company, they are interested in its development and contribute to this in every possible way;
in case of bankruptcy, the company does not bear any obligations to the fund.

The main disadvantage of funds is the difficulty of attracting investments. There are many young companies, but venture funds work only with the most promising ones in their opinion. As a rule, these are startups associated with modern technologies and innovation.

Business incubators

A business incubator is an organization the main task which is support for young entrepreneurs.

These organizations are rarely supported financially. They don't give the business owner money.

Common options for helping business incubators:

Provision of premises for the use of business.
Lawyer consulting.
Accounting services.
Material base for the development of the enterprise.

All this is provided free of charge. However, such organizations work only with innovative business ideas - as a rule, with promising start-ups.

Business ideas that do not require start-up capital

Intermediary sales of goods

Mediation is one of the most common types of entrepreneurial activity. To engage in intermediary trade, it is not necessary to make any investments.

To make money on sales, you can engage in the sale of other people's goods. For example, many companies sell products through agents. The agent enters into an agreement with the company, finds clients for it and receives a percentage of sales. There is no need to invest anything. Most often, cosmetic companies sell their products in this way.

Dropshipping trading

Dropshipping is one of the types of intermediary trade that does not require investments. WITH English word"Dropshipping" is translated as "direct delivery". When trading under this scheme, the goods are directly sent from the manufacturer to the recipient.

An intermediary acts as a link between the manufacturer and the buyer. He does not buy goods, but only sells them via the Internet. The intermediary independently sets the size of the margin and the final cost of the goods. His job is to find a buyer. The manufacturer is responsible for packaging and delivery of the goods.

The main advantage of dropshipping is the absence of risks. An entrepreneur does not buy goods, but only sells them. The disadvantage of such a system is the complexity of implementation. You will have to compete with other online stores.

Tutoring

Information is one of the most valuable products of our time. Finding really good and useful training materials is becoming more difficult, and it takes a lot of time. Therefore, tutoring is becoming an increasingly popular way of learning.

Paid lessons are a profitable business that does not require initial capital. The main thing is the availability of knowledge.

Order a business plan

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Thinking about creating own business in the form of IP future entrepreneur is forced to solve a number of organizational issues, among which is whether an individual entrepreneur needs an authorized capital, and what should it be? The law defines the status of the need for authorized capital for individual entrepreneurs quite clearly, but there are some nuances that will have to be taken into account. So, how to organize your IP, and what financial investments will it be needed?

Opening an individual entrepreneur, in comparison with other forms of ownership of enterprises, is greatly simplified: there is no need for lengthy legal red tape, significant capital investments. But a number of actions still have to be done.

The procedure for registering entrepreneurial activities in 2017-18 includes several steps:

A visit to the tax office, where the future entrepreneur receives an application form.
Selection in the OKVED directory of the code of the activity that is planned to be engaged in. It must be indicated on the application. It is permissible to specify several codes, but only one appears as the main one.
The choice of which system of taxation to work.
Payment of state duty.
Filling out the application itself and a package of others necessary documents to the tax office.
Obtaining documents on registration of IP.

The OKVED reference book is available in the "Consultant" system and on other resources. For an entrepreneur who is going to make, for example, kitchen furniture, the main code will be 31.02. If mattresses are included in the list of products, then the second code will be 31.03 - and so on. Code designations do not have to be indicated from adjacent areas, in addition, their number for individual entrepreneurs is not officially limited.

Which taxation system to choose?

The following options are available:

simplified system or USN;
BASIC - general, which is suitable for everyone, but it causes difficulties for newcomers to business due to complex reporting;
patent system - PSN. IP buys a patent for a period of a month to a year;
tax on imputed income, otherwise UTII.

It is worth deciding on the system in advance, even before opening an individual entrepreneur, since an application for switching to one of them is submitted immediately after registering a business. Those who do not do this will be forced to transfer to OSNO after 30 days.

The necessary step is to pay the registration fee. Today it is 800 rubles. You can pay through any bank, but it is advisable to do this in Sberbank. A receipt for payment is generated through the website of the Federal Tax Service. Upon payment, a check is printed, which is handed over to the tax office along with other papers.

From the documents you will need:

Russian passport;
TIN (if any);
IP registration application;
receipt confirming the payment of the fee.

The papers are handed over to the tax office at the place of permanent registration. The addresses of the branches are given on the website of the Federal Tax Service. It is also allowed to submit documents to the state Multifunctional Center. After delivery, the future IP receives a receipt with an inventory of papers, and he is assigned a date of receipt. By law, processing takes no more than 3 working days.

After them, the entrepreneur receives:

TIN (if it was not there);
extract from the EGRIP.

An important point is the relationship with the FIU and the social insurance service:

if there are no employees, no additional actions are required, these bodies will do the registration on their own, having received data from the Federal Tax Service;
if you plan to hire workers (or already have them), you will need to register additionally as an employer.

It is important to remember that some activities are carried out under specific taxation schemes. Therefore, all questions should be clarified before registering a business.

And what about the authorized capital?

The law does not require individual entrepreneur to have some fixed amount to start a business, entrepreneurship does not officially require initial funds. But business always involves some costs, and you will definitely have to invest. The capital of an individual entrepreneur, however, remains at his discretion. In the case of LLC, CJSC, etc., the requirements are different - they are required to have an authorized capital and constituent documents.

Authorized (or authorized - both spellings are found) capital (UK) is one of the key differences between an individual entrepreneur and a legal entity. This is a certain amount of money that the founder of the company invests in order to start the activity. That is, the MC is a resource necessary to launch an enterprise. The invested funds can be spent at the discretion of the legal entity - to transfer salaries, pay for the services of suppliers or rent.

Different types of legal entities are required to have a Criminal Code in the amount of:

opening an LLC will require 10 thousand rubles;
UK for JSC is calculated according to the formula 10 * minimum wage;
the capital of a CJSC must be 100 times the minimum wage.

The type and size of investments (not lower than the minimum allowable by law) is determined by the founders of the company. It is not necessary to deposit it in cash - it can be securities, material values, trademarks, patents. The procedure for introducing the Criminal Code is approved during the creation of the company and is reflected in the Charter; for example, you can pay it one-time or monthly in equal installments. After the establishment of the Criminal Code, it can only be changed by a notary. Speaking about individual entrepreneurs, one can note the advantage of such an organizational form: the authorized capital is not needed.

The law allows this on the basis of the prerequisites for the full responsibility of an individual entrepreneur for his obligations and actions - in addition to the property that is prohibited by law. But if several individual entrepreneurs decide to start acting together, they will have to create a new legal entity, with constituent documents and the Criminal Code.

It was mentioned above that the formation of the Criminal Code can take place in different ways. So, it is allowed to deposit half of the established amount during the registration of the company, and the second - over the next 12 months.

The procedure is prescribed in the constituent documents, in order to find out what it consists of and how it is paid, it is necessary to check:

minutes of the meeting of the founders. This document fixes the composition of the Criminal Code, its monetary and material components;
incoming cash order or bank statement, if the capital consists of the money supply;
act of transfer of property, if any.

Important: the procedure for transferring property implies an assessment of it. The procedure must involve an independent appraiser.

folding: it is formed for organizations where, instead of the charter, another constituent document is provided;
statutory fund - contributed in money or property;
share fund - more often used in cooperatives and is a collection of contributions from its members.

If there are several founders, they own shares in the UK. The size of the share is calculated in rubles or as a percentage of the amount of capital. The volume of shares of the founders is indicated in the charter. If one of the co-founders has not paid his share on time, the sanctions provided for by the charter are applied to him: alienation in favor of the organization, sale of the share to third parties or distribution among other participants.

Constituent documents

As it was indicated, there are no constituent documents (UD) in the classical sense of the IP.

The term itself implies a set of papers justifying legal status entrepreneur and the activities of his enterprise. This concept is detailed in article 52 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. UD become valid only after state registration, while subsequent changes can be made to them.

Registration of individuals as an individual entrepreneur takes place in tax office at the person's place of residence. Constituent documents in this case, those that the individual entrepreneur receives after registration: an extract from the register of individual entrepreneurs (EGRIP), a notice of registration of an individual.

Novice entrepreneurs are often interested in - where should the Criminal Code be stored? In the issue of IP, everything is quite simple - it has already been considered above whether the IP has an authorized capital and those who establish it. The assets of an individual entrepreneur are stored on the account of the individual entrepreneur and in the form of property.

In other forms of management, everything is different. In essence, the UC cash used in the course of the enterprise, and this fund exists only in the founding papers and accounting documentation. Money from the Criminal Code is credited to the settlement account of the organization, and from there it is distributed to its current needs.

In the case of property entered into the Criminal Code, its assessment should be carried out, which determines the value of real estate, equipment, furniture, etc. - it is for this purpose that an appraiser is invited.

Thus, there is no special storehouse of money from the authorized capital, they are in circulation, and the value of the contributed property is determined by specialists.

The downside is:

a number of restrictions imposed by law on the types of work permitted for individual entrepreneurs;
insufficiently clear legal status - legally, an individual entrepreneur is both a citizen and an organization, with rights and obligations from both categories of affiliation.

From the foregoing, the advantages of IP are obvious - simplicity and speed of registration, no need for authorized capital, simplified settlements with government agencies and simple reporting. IP can be opened without authorized capital.